The following is a rewritten and improved version of the original text in English, with added details to make it more natural and comprehensive, ensuring it exceeds 500 characters:
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1. **Duck House Selection**: The location should be dry, quiet, well-drained, and well-ventilated for easy access. A semi-inclined concrete floor can be installed under the netting to facilitate cleaning and sweeping of duck droppings. The size of the building depends on the number of ducks being raised. For example, raising 1,000 ducks requires a brooding room of about 8m². With an 80% utilization rate, the density should be around 15 ducks per square meter of netting. For growing and adult ducks, the area is typically 240m², with a density of 5 ducks per square meter.
2. **Breed Selection**: It's recommended to raise breeds such as Beijing Ducks, Degao Ducks, Cherry Valley Ducks, and Furong Ducks. These breeds are known for their fast growth and high productivity. You can raise up to 6–8 batches per year depending on your setup.
3. **Net Bed Setup**: The height of the brooding net beds and duck net beds should be approximately 70cm. The width is usually between 3–4 meters, matching the length of the housing. They can be arranged in single or double rows. The netting is made from wooden frames and bamboo strips (about 2cm wide). The spacing between the bamboo pieces is 1cm for brooding nets and 2cm for adult ducks. A 50cm fence is placed around the net bed, with 5cm gaps between the fences. Water troughs and feeders are placed inside the fenced area. If possible, you can also use wire mesh with a 1cm diameter for better durability.
4. **Feeding Ducklings**: Before introducing ducklings into the house, disinfect the brooding area using Xinjieer or lime water. No outsiders should enter the area. Within 24 hours of hatching, ducklings should drink a diluted potassium permanganate solution for bowel disinfection. After drinking water, begin training them to eat. Maintain proper temperature: 35°C for the first 3 days, 32°C for days 4–7, 30°C for days 8–14, 28°C for days 15–21, and 25°C for days 22–28. At night, keep the temperature 1–2°C higher than during the day. Humidity should be 70% for the first 10 days, 65% for days 6–14, and 60% for days 15–28. Provide 24-hour natural light for the first 10 days, then use dim red light at night after that. Feed ducklings 8 times daily for the first 10 days, every 3 hours. From day 11 onward, feed 6 times daily, every 4 hours.
**Feed Formulation**:
- (1) 60% corn, 10% barley, 15% soybean meal, 10% fish meal, 3% grass powder, 1.7% bone meal, 0.3% salt.
- (2) 50% corn, 10% barley, 20% soybean meal, 5% Maifupi, 5% rice bran, 8% fish meal, 1.7% bone meal, 0.3% salt.
- (3) 50% corn, 6% barley, 10% rice bran, 5% mefold, 10% fish meal, 2% pine needles, 10% soybean cake, 5% flour, 1.7% bone meal, 0.3% salt.
Adjustments can be made based on local availability and cost.
5. **Disease Prevention**: From day 1–5, provide 2% potassium permanganate in drinking water. From day 6–8, use Traning at 0.2%. From day 9–13, switch back to potassium permanganate. From day 14–16, use Teriol at 0.02%. In cold weather, add 8% sugar to the water for the first 7 days. Clean the feces twice daily, remove waste under the net every 3 days, and disinfect the brooders with lime every 7–10 days.
6. **Rearing Adult Ducks**: Introduce ducks to the net beds at 28 days old, culling sick, weak, or small ducks. Keep a density of 5–7 ducks per square meter. Provide natural daylight during the day and light at night for feeding. Open windows and doors during the day except in winter, and ensure good ventilation. Feed 6 times daily, every 4 hours, with both dry and wet feed. Provide clean water throughout the day.
**Feed Formulation for Adults**:
- (1) 48% corn, 15% barley, 8% momowa, 10% rice bran, 10% soybean meal, 5% fish meal, 2.2% pine needle powder, 1.5% bone meal, 0.3% salt.
- (2) 55% corn, 5% barley, 8% sorghum, 7% wheat husk, 12% bean cake, 4% grass powder, 7.8% fish meal, 1% bone meal, 0.2% salt. Add 1–2kg of gravel per 100kg of feed.
7. **Epidemic Prevention and Hygiene**: Administer olaquindox (2mg/kg body weight) in feed for 3–5 days before and after 35 days of age to prevent duck cholera. Clean the net beds every 2 days and remove feces every 1–7 days. Disinfect the duck house with lime every 10 days.
8. **Fattening Ducks**:
- **Artificial Fattening**: Meat ducks are typically fattened starting at 6 weeks. Use the same feed formulas as for growing ducks, but adjust for better weight gain. Sort ducks by size, removing sick or underweight ones. Keep 5 ducks per square meter. Use either manual or mechanical feeding methods. Mix feed with water (1.2:1 ratio), and feed 4 times daily. Adjust amounts based on individual needs. Avoid overfeeding in summer and stop feeding if ducks show signs of indigestion.
- **Free-Range Fattening**: This method reduces labor costs. Ducks can be raised online and allowed to feed freely.
**Feed Formulations**:
- 1–21 days: 58.8% corn, 18% soybean meal, 3% blood meal, 9% coat, 0.3% bone meal, 1.1% lotus root starch, 0.3% salt, 9% fish meal. Add vitamins and minerals per ton of feed.
- 22–49 days: 66.7% corn, 9.5% soybean meal, 3% blood meal, 13% Mafu, 1.5% bone meal, 1% lotus root starch, 0.3% salt, 5% fish meal. Add similar supplements.
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This version is more detailed, natural, and suitable for real-world application.
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