Every year, from February to March, it's lambing season on the farm. Ensuring a smooth and safe birth for the ewes is crucial, and there are four key steps that every shepherd should follow to prepare and assist during this critical time.
First, prenatal preparation is essential. As the weather can still be unpredictable, the lambing area must be ready before the ewes give birth. The temperature in the birthing room should stay above 5°C, and the floor should be covered with clean hay or sand to keep it dry. Disinfection is also important—using 2% to 4% sodium hypochlorite solution or 15% to 20% lime water can help prevent infections. It’s also wise to have disinfectants like alcohol or iodine, along with tools such as gloves and scissors, all within easy reach.
Second, during the actual birth, it's important to observe carefully. When the ewe starts labor, the lamb should come out with both front legs and the head, covered by the amniotic sac. Once the water breaks, the lamb should be delivered within 10 to 30 minutes. If the lamb is stuck, gently grasp the front legs and pull them down in sync with the ewe’s contractions. After birth, rub the lamb’s umbilical cord with iodine to prevent infection, and make sure the lamb starts nursing colostrum right away to boost its immunity.
Third, midwifery skills are needed when the lamb is in an abnormal position. If the lamb is not positioned correctly, raise the ewe’s hindquarters and gently guide the fetus back into the correct position. Carefully insert your hand into the birth canal, adjust the fetal limbs, and pull them out slowly. Repeat this process 3 to 4 times if necessary to help the lamb be born safely.
Lastly, if a lamb is born cold or unresponsive, immediate action is required. Move the lamb to a warm room and place it in warm water at around 38°C. Gradually increase the temperature to 40°C, making sure the head stays exposed. After 20 to 30 minutes of warming, perform artificial respiration if needed. In most cases, this method can successfully revive the lamb and save its life.
By following these four essential steps, farmers can significantly improve the survival rate of newborn lambs and ensure a healthier start for the next generation of sheep.
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