To ensure the health and survival of crabs during transport and acclimation, it's essential to source them locally from nearby nurseries. This minimizes long-distance travel and reduces the number of handling steps, which helps maintain their vitality. Before purchasing, it's important to know the exact origin, species, age, breeding method, and whether they are sexually mature. The crabs should have a strong, robust body, uniform size, fully intact appendages, and show no signs of disease, injury, or external attachments. They should also be able to climb and move quickly when placed in water.
Once purchased, the crabs should be soaked in clean water and wrapped in a damp cloth for transport. Use an air-conditioned vehicle to keep the temperature stable during transit, and limit the journey to 5–8 hours. During the trip, spray water every 12 hours to maintain moisture. Upon arrival, place the crabs in a sink for 2–3 minutes, then transfer them to the shore for 20–30 minutes. Repeat this process two or three times to help them gradually adjust to the new water temperature before releasing them into the pond. For large-scale stocking, it’s recommended to set aside one or two mu (approx. 0.67–1.33 acres) of holding area for temporary storage. Once adapted, move them to a larger pond to prevent escape.
The intensive breeding pond is small in size, has minimal predation risk, and is easier to manage. It can hold 900–1200 crabs per acre, with 400–800 crabs per kilogram. However, controlling predators and managing large numbers can be challenging. To improve market size, it's advisable to stock 400–700 crabs per kilogram, with 200–400 crabs per kilogram in each section, and appropriately dilute the population if needed.
For the inner pond, use calcium plastic boards as anti-escape walls, and install net fences on larger water surfaces. At the edge of the pond, cover the bottom with hard plastic film to prevent escape. Maintain clear water with high dissolved oxygen levels, and keep the water depth above 1.5 meters to sustain a stable, warm environment. Avoid poor water quality that could lead to fat accumulation or crab death. In winter, if the weather is warm and sunny, and the water temperature exceeds 4°C, you can feed chopped small fish, shrimp, or other protein-rich food to supplement their diet.
For disease prevention, drain the pond before stocking and remove weeds and excess silt. Apply 100 kg of calcined pulp per acre, especially during hot seasons. Introduce aquatic plants like water peanuts, Vallisneria, and Hydrilla verticillata, keeping water grass coverage around 40% to mimic a natural ecosystem. Soak the crabs in a 5% saline solution for 5 minutes, or immerse them in water with 5 ml of formalin per liter for 15 minutes before placing them in the pond. These practices help reduce disease risks and promote healthy growth.
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