To ensure the health and survival of crabs during transport and breeding, it is recommended to source crab species locally from nearby nurseries. This minimizes long-distance transportation and reduces the number of intermediaries involved, which helps maintain better quality and lower stress levels for the crabs. It is essential to gather detailed information about the crabs' origin, species, age, breeding methods, and whether they are sexually mature. The crabs should be strong, uniform in size, with intact limbs, free from disease, injury, or foreign attachments, and able to climb quickly when placed near water.
Before transport, soak the crabs in clean water and wrap them in a damp cloth to keep them moist. Use an air-conditioned vehicle for transport, keeping the journey between 5 to 8 hours. During transit, spray water every 12 hours to maintain humidity. Upon arrival, place the crabs in a sink for 2–3 minutes, then transfer them to the shore for 20–30 minutes. Repeat this process two or three times to help the crabs gradually adjust to the new water temperature before releasing them into the pond. When stocking a large area, it's advisable to reserve one or two mu of water as a temporary holding area. Once the crabs have adapted, move them to a larger surface to prevent escape.
The intensive breeding pond has a small area but offers high controllability. It can hold 900 to 1200 crabs per acre, with a density of 400 to 800 crabs per kilogram. However, managing predators and maintaining water quality can be challenging. To improve market size, it’s recommended to stock 400 to 700 crabs per kilogram, with 200 to 400 crabs per kilogram, allowing for appropriate dilution.
For the inner pond, use calcium plastic plates as anti-escape barriers, and install net fences on larger water surfaces. At the edges, cover the walls with hard plastic film to prevent escape. Maintain clear water with high dissolved oxygen levels, and keep the water depth above 1.5 meters to stabilize water temperature. Avoid poor water quality that could lead to excessive fat accumulation or crab deaths. During warm and sunny winter days when the water temperature exceeds 4°C, you can feed small fish, shrimp, or other meat to supplement their diet.
Disease prevention is crucial. Before stocking, drain the pond and remove weeds and excess silt. Apply 100 kg of calcined pulp per acre, especially during hot seasons. Plant aquatic plants like water peanuts, Vallisneria, and Hydrilla verticillata, maintaining around 40% coverage to simulate a natural ecosystem. Soak the crabs in a 5% saline solution for 5 minutes, or immerse them in water with 5 ml of formalin per liter for 15 minutes before placing them in the pond. These practices help reduce disease risks and promote healthier growth.
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