Galangal contains a variety of bioactive compounds, including 18-eucalyptus, methyl cinnamate, eugenol, terpenes, and biscinene. It also includes flavonols such as kaempferol, quercetin, and isorhamnetin, along with pungent compounds that exhibit strong antibacterial properties. In experiments, a solution made from galangal was applied to agar-agar and bean sprout juice cultures infected with green and blue mold—the primary cause of citrus rot. After just four hours, the mold was completely inhibited. Microscopic analysis showed that the spores had deformed germ tubes, confirming the effective antimicrobial action.
In addition to its antibacterial properties, this galangal-based solution can be combined with bleached shellac to create a natural coating for fruits. This coating helps reduce water loss from the fruit's surface, minimizing dehydration and weight loss during storage. The preparation method involves mixing fresh water with galangal, boiling it to extract the active components, and then blending the resulting concentrate with bleached shellac. When applying the coating, a sponge board is used to absorb the mixture, which is then transferred to the fruit using a cloth. Alternatively, the coating can be applied mechanically to oranges, ensuring that overripe, damaged, or moldy fruits are removed beforehand. The coated fruits can then be placed in wicker baskets for storage at room temperature.
Oranges treated with this method show significantly lower rates of spoilage. Their flesh remains firm and glossy, with green stems that indicate freshness. The flavor is well-balanced, with a pleasant sweetness and acidity, and the juice is rich and flavorful. Nutritional analysis shows that the juice still contains about 0.6% titratable acid, with 38 mg of vitamin C per 100 grams of juice. The pulp has a soluble solids content of approximately 11°Bx, indicating good quality and taste retention.
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