Transmigration is one of the most stressful events in a chicken's life. It is also a critical technical measure to improve survival rates and ensure normal production performance in breeding flocks. Proper management during this process is essential for the health and productivity of the birds. Here are some key points to consider when moving breeding chickens:
First, focus on environmental and equipment disinfection. Before the transfer, the poultry house and all equipment must be thoroughly sprayed and sterilized twice. A common method is to use formaldehyde and potassium permanganate for fumigation. Vehicles and transfer cages should also be disinfected using a 1:400 dilution of Ruidi Tu-203. Additionally, footbaths with disinfectant should be placed at the entrance of the new area to prevent bacteria from being brought in by people. All personnel involved in the transfer should wear overalls and rain boots, and wash their hands with 0.1% neomycin before handling the birds.
Second, pay attention to preventive medication. The flock should have high levels of NDV (Newcastle Disease Virus) antibodies before transmigration. If testing isn't possible, a vaccination program should be carried out early in the year. Using a combination of live and inactivated vaccines is recommended. Three days before and after the move, add vitamins and broad-spectrum antibiotics to the feed or drinking water to reduce the risk of disease and enhance the birds' stress resistance.
Third, plan the timing carefully. Transmigration should occur before 20 weeks of age, as 20–30 weeks is the peak egg-laying period. Moving the birds at night can help reduce stress. Roosters should be moved 4–5 days earlier than hens to allow them time to adapt to the new environment first.
Fourth, monitor the weather conditions. Avoid transferring during harsh weather like snowstorms or strong winds, especially in winter or spring. Try to minimize external stressors by controlling the environment as much as possible.
Fifth, maintain stable environmental conditions. When moving the flock, keep temperature, humidity, lighting, feeding methods, and staff consistent as much as possible. Workers should wear plain, uniform clothing and avoid bright or flashy outfits. Temperature control is especially important. Ensure that the birds have access to clean water and sufficient feed upon arrival, and adjust feeding practices appropriately to support their recovery.
Sixth, handle the chickens gently. Never use iron hooks or lift them by one leg. Instead, grasp one leg from behind and hold both legs together. Use plastic cages if possible; if wire cages are used, line the bottom to prevent injury. When transporting in vehicles, place straw or shavings on the floor to reduce pressure and avoid overcrowding.
Seventh, separate weak or small chickens. During the transfer, group thin or underweight birds separately to monitor their progress and provide extra care if needed.
Eighth, closely observe the flock after the move. Keep an eye on their behavior, eating habits, drinking patterns, and feces. Early detection of issues allows for timely intervention, which helps maintain the overall health and survival rate of the flock.
Ninth, manage lighting carefully in the first two days after transfer. Turn on the lights for 48 hours to give the birds enough time to settle, eat, and drink comfortably.
By following these steps, farmers can significantly reduce the stress associated with transmigration and improve the long-term performance and well-being of their breeding chickens.
Author: Animal Husbandry Station, Tiger Farm Township, Heilongjiang Province
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