I. Clearing the Orchard Qingyuan can reduce the bacteria index. We must remove the diseased ear, diseased fruit, diseased branches, diseased leaves, and weeds from the garden in the garden, transport it to the park, burn it, or bury it deeply. In addition, individual plants are at the base of the new shoot. Although the upper part of the shoot is still growing, it should be cut off from the base and cleared out of the garden.
Second, moderately trimmed grape growth should strictly control the tree's vegetative growth and promote flower bud differentiation. The vegetative growth of the tree is controlled by tipping the tip, removing some of the dense branches and useless branches, and removing part of the old leaves.
Third, the cultivator protects the cultivator at the right time to protect the larvae and improve the root growth environment, and can eliminate weeds in time to reduce the pests and diseases. Drought severely affects the enlargement of the fruit of the grape and even causes the fruit to fall off. It can cover the grass and cover the film in the vineyard, which can not only protect the earthworm but also prevent cracking caused by the sudden change of soil moisture content.
Fourth, rational fertilization Fertilization divided topdressing and basal fertilizer in two ways.
1. Top dressing. In August and September, Mushi three-element compound fertilizer 25 kilograms in order to strong tree potential. Can also be foliar dressing, to phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, spraying 0.3% to 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or 3% of ash leaching. Spraying once every 10 days before harvesting the grapes and spraying them 2 or 3 times can increase the sugar content of the fruits and increase the yield.
2. Base fertilizer. In the month of October, after the grapes were harvested, the roots entered a new peak period of growth. At this time, the roots of the basal fertilizer could heal easily and some new roots could be issued, and the nutrient reserve of the tree could be increased, which was beneficial to the budding, flowering and new shoots of the fruit trees the following year. Pre-growth. Autumn basal fertilization can be carried out by strip, ring or radial groove application methods. In the case of strip-shaped furrows, for example, ditches 40 to 50 cm deep and 30 to 40 cm wide can be dug 30 cm from the main trunk on one or both sides of the tree body in an axillary direction and extend outwards year by year. Each plant should apply 25-50 kilograms of adequately decomposed organic fertilizer and appropriate amount of superphosphate, and apply water after fertilization to prepare for the second year growth and development.
Fifth, pest control At this stage, the autumn season, the grape disease risk is much lower than summer. But sometimes it is still hot and humid. Downy mildew, black pox, etc. will still occur in large areas. Don't take it lightly. After clearing the garden, spray a broad-spectrum bactericidal drug first. After 7 to 10 days, spray the Bordeaux mixture 180 times. After treatment according to the above method, as the weather becomes more and more cool, generally no more disease will occur in a large area. However, it should be observed from time to time, see the initial disease, immediately symptomatic medication. By preventing and treating diseases, you can keep the leaves and promote the ripening of branches to lay a good foundation for the next year's high yield.
6. Harvesting ripe fruit at a timely manner timely harvesting can not only prevent fruit ripening and affect the quality, but also reduce the nutrient consumption of the tree, which is conducive to the second year of spring, sprouting, fruiting and new shoots, and the robust growth of leaves. (Hengshui Forestry Research Institute Song Aihong)
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