In recent years, there have been some major changes in rapeseed production. First, the labor force of young and middle-aged people has decreased, the number of elderly laborers has increased, and the level of intensive cultivation has declined. Second, many high-yielding experiences in transplanting and supporting management are difficult to implement. The majority of rapeseed cultivation has been changed from transplanting to open-air live broadcasting; Shi is the fourth application of a single variety of fertilizers, mostly inorganic fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers; Fifth, pay attention to basal fertilizer neglected topdressing, resulting in detoxification of late rape or lack of symptoms, in particular, caused by the use of boron fertilizer is not true The impact of output and quality is greater. These conditions should be given enough attention in the application of live rapeseed fertilization to be launched this year.
Clear varieties need fertilizer characteristics
Rapeseed has a wide adaptability to the cultivated soil, but it is still good for the soil with deep, fertile, easy-to-drainage filter slime or sandy loam, and the acidity or alkalinity is more acidic or neutral. Rapeseed has a long growth period, requires a large amount of nitrogen and potassium, is sensitive to phosphorus deficiency and boron deficiency, and requires a ratio of 1:0.3:1 for nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, and potassium oxide. According to the determination of the agricultural scientific research department, for every 200 kg of rapeseed produced, the absorbed nitrogen is 18 to 24 kg, the phosphorus pentoxide is 6 to 7.8 kg, and the potassium oxide is 17 to 24.6 kg. Cabbage-type rapeseed needs less fertilizer than the cabbage-type rapeseed, and it is necessary to distinguish the variety and use it flexibly. In addition, the response intensity of different fertilizers in different growth stages of rape is also different.
Fine soil preparation
The front crop of rapeseed has a mid season rice and dry land crops such as soybeans and corn. After the harvest, the former crop must be finely grounded to remove weeds. As the rapeseed grain is small, the soil preparation should be done with net pine grass, and the deficiency should be applied to the whole seedling. In combination with site preparation, organic fertilizers should be used as the main chemical fertilizer and supplemented with base fertilizers. Per acre should be applied farmer's maturity of organic fertilizer 1500 ~ 2500 kg, or commodity organic fertilizer 100 ~ 150 kg, with 6 ~ 10 kg of pure nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide 2.5 ~ 4 kg, potassium oxide 5 ~ 10 kg. Fertilizer should be applied to a ditch or a hole and should not be applied.
Differentiating seedlings and sub-fertilization
The seedlings of live rapeseed are small, dense, and seedlings tend to be weak. After weeding, thinning, and seedling setting, they need to apply about 500 kilograms of clean manure per acre, or chase urea 5-8 kilograms to raise seedlings and cultivate strong seedlings. In order to enhance the ability of heat and cold resistance in winter, the first time two months after the emergence of rapeseed, seedlings have begun to flower bud differentiation, the recovery of urea about 10 kilograms per mu; the second is before the onset of cold wave per acre Shi maturity Soil manure, manure and other 1000 to 1500 kilograms, there is a clear cold and antifreeze effect. The convulsive period after spring is the period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth. It is also the peak period of fertilization, and it is necessary to follow the rape seedlings quickly to recover 5-8 kg of urea, not only to prevent premature aging, but also to prevent overgrowth from causing serious shading. Sprouting sclerotia. The high quality hybrid rapeseed of B. napus requires a large amount of boron fertilizer. During the budding stage, it is necessary to spray boron fertilizer 2 to 3 times, and to promote the spraying of 0.1 to 0.15% of sonic boron. The effective boron content is high, and it is effective after application. fast.
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