Bombyx mori is a dry body that is infected by Beauveria bassiana in the 4-5-year-old larvae of silkworm moth family insects. White moss is an ancient infectious silkworm disease. White silkworm disease and silkworms are common in areas where silkworm cocoons are produced. With the improvement of sericulture technology and the strengthening of disinfection and disease prevention, dead silkworms are almost extinct. To meet people's drug needs, they have invested in Hainan and Jiangsu provinces and began artificially cultivating medicinal silkworms.
Medicinal value
Silkworm taste salty, pungent, and flat; Liver, lungs, and stomach meridian; With the effect of hurricane, shock, phlegm and stasis, Indications convulsions, sore throat, submandibular lymphadenitis, facial paralysis, pruritus Embolism.
Growth pattern
Adults are also called silkworm moths, which are 16-23 mm long and 39-43 mm wide. The head is small, compound eyes are black and semicircular. Tentacle feathered. Mouthparts degenerate. Two pairs of wings, large fore wings, slightly triangular, slightly smaller hind wings, slightly rounded, wing surface with white scales. The larva is called silkworm, which is cylindrical and gray in shape. It is composed of 13 sections. The first 3 sections are the chest and the last 10 sections are the abdomen. There is 1 pair of antennae on the head. The mouth has a pair of chitinous big cockroaches. There is a white silk tube underneath the big cockroach. There are tubes on both sides of the silkworm's stomach, called silk glands.
Habits
The adult moths of silkworm moth emerged within the white stork. They did not feed and mated to lay eggs, and they laid eggs for winter. After hatching, the larvae are called "silkworms" and they use mulberry leaves as food. After 4 days of silkworm silkworm dormancy, silk glands develop significantly and can produce silk. The silk is secreted through the spit, and it condenses into filaments when it meets the air, and is smashed by the lower lip.
The formation of silkworm
Bombyx mori larvae (ie, silkworms) are attached to silkworm skin by a conidia called Beauveria bassiana. The spores encounter the appropriate temperature and humidity, germinate after 6-8 hours, and produce germ tubes. Invade into the silkworm body, form spores, ingest nutrients, and silkworms gradually weaken and die. After silkworms die, due to the spread and mass reproduction of hyphae, they absorb nutrients and moisture, drying the silkworms, and at the same time, the calcium oxalate secreted by the hyphae accumulates in the body and causes the corpse to harden, and it becomes a dead-white death. Silkworm, this is the silkworm.
Urine analyzer is an automated instrument for determining certain chemical components in urine. It is an important tool for automated urine inspection in medical laboratories. This instrument has the advantages of simple and fast operation. However, improper use of urine analyzers and many intermediate links and influencing factors directly affect the accuracy of automated analysis results, which will not only cause errors in experimental results, but even delay diagnosis. Therefore, operators are required to understand the principles, performance and precautions of automated instruments. And the knowledge of influencing factors and other aspects are fully understood, and the correct use of automated instruments can make the results obtained by the urine analyzer more reliable and accurate.
application
In the 1950s, a single dry chemical test strip method was used to measure protein and glucose in urine, and the changes in the color of the test strip were observed with the naked eye and compared with the standard plate to obtain the corresponding values. In the 1980s, due to the high development and widespread use of computer technology, automated urine analyzers also developed rapidly, gradually developing from semi-automatic to fully-automated. Urine analyzers are often divided into two categories according to the test items: â‘ 8-11 screening combined urine test strips mainly used for newly diagnosed patients and health examinations. The eight test items included protein, glucose, PH, ketone bodies, bilirubin, urobilinogen, red blood cells (occult blood) and nitrite; in addition to the above eight tests, urine leukocyte test was added to the nine test items. On the basis of 9 of the 10 urine analyzer testing items, the urine specific density test was added. 11 testing items have added vitamin C testing. â‘¡It is mainly used for the observation of the curative effect of the diagnosed diseases, such as the combination test strip of PH, protein and occult blood (red blood cells) for kidney disease; the combination test strip of PH, sugar and ketone body for diabetes; the combination of bilirubin and urobilinogen for liver disease test tape.
principle
This type of instrument is generally controlled by a microcomputer, and the color change on the test strip is measured semi-quantitatively by using a spherical integrator to receive dual-wavelength reflected light. There are several reagent pads containing various reagents on the reagent strip, each of which reacts independently with the corresponding components in the urine, and displays different colors. The depth of the color is proportional to a certain component in the urine, and there is another in the reagent strip" Compensation pad", as the urine background color, compensates for the errors caused by colored urine and instrument changes.
Put the reagent strip with urine adsorbed in the colorimetric tank of the instrument, and the various reagent pads that have produced chemical reactions on the reagent strip are illuminated by the light source, and the reflected light is received by the spherical analyzer, and the photocell of the spherical analyzer is reflected. Irradiate with dual-wavelength light (measurement light passing through the filter and a reference light), and the selection of each wavelength is determined by the detection item.
The instrument automatically calculates the reflectance according to the following formula, and then compares it with the standard curve, and automatically finds and prints the corresponding results of various components. If the content of a certain component in the urine is high, the reflected light of the corresponding reagent pad is dark, otherwise it is strong.
Reflectance fraction: R(%)=Tm.Cs/TsCm×100%
In the formula, R(%) is the reflectivity; Tm is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the measurement wavelength; Ts is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the reference wavelength; Cm is the reflection intensity of the calibration pad to the measurement defect length; Cs is the calibration pair. Reflection intensity at the reference wavelength.
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