Fish ponds can be effectively managed by integrating waterfowl such as ducks and geese, which contribute to the fertility of the pond water. Their waste promotes the growth of plankton, providing a natural food source for fish. Additionally, ducks swimming and moving around in the pond help to aerate the water, increasing oxygen levels that are essential for healthy fish development. The key techniques involved in combining fish, duck, and goose farming include:
A duck shelter should be constructed on the shore of the Yapeng Reservoir, including a brooding area and an activity space. The brooding shed can house 30 to 50 breeding ducks per square meter, while the activity area is suitable for 5 to 10 larger ducks per square meter. Insulation equipment is necessary in the brooding area to maintain a stable temperature. Bamboo fences or strips are used to create a 1-meter-high enclosure with 3 cm gaps to ensure good ventilation and natural light.
An open water area is also provided for the ducks, where 3 to 5 ducks can be accommodated per square meter. A net made of bamboo or nylon mesh is placed 0.5 meters above the water surface to prevent them from escaping.
In terms of fish stocking, if the water quality is rich in plankton and nutrients, catfish should dominate, making up more than 50% of the stock, with the remaining 20%, 10%, and 10% consisting of carp, crucian carp, and tilapia respectively. If there are plenty of aquatic plants, grass carp should be the main species, accounting for over 40%, with the rest being carp, crucian carp, and tilapia in proportions of 20%, 10%, and 10%. It is recommended to raise 50 to 100 ducks per acre in the flock.
Before introducing fingerlings into the pond, they should be disinfected to prevent diseases. Later, applying lime water (5 kg per acre) every 15 to 20 days helps prevent fish diseases. Alternatively, mixing 0.5 kg of garlic and 0.4 kg of salt with 100 kg of fish feed and feeding it continuously for four days can help prevent grass carp and silver carp diseases. Ducks should also be vaccinated regularly. The duck shelter must remain clean and dry, and their feed should always be fresh and uncontaminated. It's important to prevent ducks from preying on smaller fish. Therefore, when the fish are under 0.5 kg in weight, the pond should be at least 1.5 meters deep to protect them.
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