It has already entered May, and May is the best season for planting eggplant. In order to improve the disease resistance of eggplant, we can use the rootstocks such as Torumbam for grafting and breeding. This kind of breeding eggplant can improve the disease resistance of eggplant. Let's take a look at the specific operation method.
1. Preparation of the seedbed
(1) Preparation method of bed soil: sifting the garden soil and the decomposed animal manure into a nutrient soil at a ratio of 5:4:1. It is also possible to prepare the garden soil and vermiculite powder by sieving at 6:2:1.
(2) Bed soil disinfection method: mix 5 kg of each 15 kg of soil with 70% of quintozene, 80% of thiram or 80% of senseng zinc and bed soil. Cover with a plastic film and disinfect for 3 days.
(3) Method of preparing seedbed: 40 to 50 grams per acre of seeding, 20 to 30 grams of rootstock or 8 to 10 grams of torubam, seed preparation, seedbed area calculated from 25 to 30 grams of seed per square meter. Lay 9 to 10 cm of nutrient soil on the surface of the bed, level it, pour the bottom of the water, cover the mulch and moisturize, waiting for sowing.
2. Seed treatment
Should choose sunny days, outdoor drying for 6 to 8 hours, soaking seeds with 1% potassium permanganate solution for half an hour, or soaking with 0.1% more fungicide for 1 hour, remove and rinse with water, then use Soak in warm water at 30 degrees Celsius. Torubum is difficult to germinate, soak it with 100% germination agent for 24 hours, then germination after washing.
3. Soaking seeds and germination
Soak seeds in warm water at 55 ° C for 15 minutes, then soak them in water at 30 ° C for 8 hours, wash the mucus on the seed coat, wrap it in clean gauze, and start germination. Variable temperature management is required. It is controlled by 16 to 18 hours per day at 25 to 30 degrees Celsius and 6 to 8 hours at 16 to 20 degrees Celsius. It is washed once in warm water in the morning and evening, and then germinated in 6 to 8 days.
4. Seeding
The eggplant anvil No. 1, the red eggplant and the CPR are planted 7 to 10 days earlier than the scion, and the eggplant anvils 3, 4 and 5 can be sown with the eggplant at the same time. If Torumbam is used as a rootstock, it needs to be planted 25 to 30 days in advance. In the hot season, the gap between the scion and the rootstock can be shortened appropriately.
When 80% of the seed buds are planted to a length of 1 to 2 mm, the buds are spread evenly on the seedbed, or they can be sown with fine sand. Immediately cover the 1 cm nutrient soil, then cover the mulch to keep warm and moisturize, and cover the small arch shed at night.
5. Management from emergence to seedling stage
After the sowing, the temperature should be 28 to 30 degrees Celsius during the day, not less than 20 degrees Celsius at night, and keep the soil temperature above 20 degrees Celsius. Wait for the seedlings to be unearthed and then scatter the mulch. After 7 to 8 days, the daytime temperature is controlled at 20 to 25 degrees Celsius. After unearthing, the nutrient soil should be sprinkled once, and then sprinkled once after the cotyledons are unfolded, each time the thickness is 2 to 3 mm.
6. Seedlings
The seedling seedbed preparation method is the same as before. The seedlings are carried out in two true leaves, 35 to 40 square meters per acre, and the seedlings can be transplanted on the bed seedlings, transplanted by 8 times to 8 cm line spacing, using water stable seedling method, after water seepage Closed, you can also move into nutrition. After seedlings, it should be kept at 20 to 30 degrees Celsius during the day and 18 to 15 degrees Celsius at night. After the transplant, it should not be watered with large water. Spraying method should be used, and the water should be sprayed in the morning on a sunny day.
7. Grafting
(1) The splicing method (also called the splicing method): grafting when the rootstock seedlings grow to 5 to 6 leaves. After excavating the seedlings, keep 2 pieces of true leaves on the rootstock, cross the rootstock stems with a blade, remove the upper part, then squat 1.0 to 1.5 cm from the center of the stem, pull out the scion seedlings, and keep 2 to 3 true leaves cut into 1 To a 1.5 cm long wedge-shaped noodles, the length of the noodles should be as long as the interface, the shaved surface should be smooth, and then the cut scion should be inserted into the interface of the rootstock, so that the rootstock and the scion are layered to each other, and finally fixed with a grafting clip.
(2) Oblique cutting method: When the rootstock seedling grows to have 5 to 6 true leaves. Keep 2 pieces of true leaves on the rootstock, and cut obliquely upwards with a blade to form a slope of about 30 degrees. The slope is about 1 to 5 cm long. Pull out the scion, keep 2 to 3 true leaves, and then cut into the rootstock with a blade. The opposite bevel is fixed by a clip after the two bevels are attached.
8. Management of grafted seedlings
After grafting, plant it into a small arch shed, fully water the bottom of the grafted seedlings, and cover the small arch shed. It is not allowed to ventilate and see the light for the first 3 days. The humidity in the shed should be kept at 85 percent, the daytime temperature should be 25 to 26 degrees Celsius, and the nighttime temperature should be kept at 20 to 22 degrees Celsius. Curtains and paper can be shaded and protected from direct sunlight. In the morning and evening of the fourth day, you can see a short period of low light. Slowly ventilate from both sides, need to spray 1 or 2 times a day, it is forbidden to spray water directly to the grafted seedlings. Thereafter, the amount of light and the amount of ventilation can be gradually increased. After 10 days, the basic healing, you can transfer to normal management, remove the clip after survival, should promptly remove the side buds of the rootstock germination. It can be planted 15 to 20 days after grafting. Spray fertilizer and fight drugs 3 to 4 days before planting. Spraying fertilizer: Spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.3% urea solution on the foliar surface; spray: use 1000 times gram of special mixed 600 times chlorothalonil or directly use 2000 times to kill pyrethroid.
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