Infants and young children are generally considered to be the most vulnerable to lack of heat and the following nutrients:
(1) Thermal energy
Heat energy is provided by metabolism of proteins, small carbon compounds and fats. If intake is low (insufficient breast milk, partial eclipse of children, picky eaters, snacks, etc.), it will result in insufficient supply of heat energy. In the short-term, it will manifest itself as poor weight gain or slow growth and malnutrition in the long term.
(2) Protein
Protein is mainly provided by animal food or milk. After the birth of the newborn, if breast milk is insufficient and artificial feeding is used, rice flour is pressed into rice cereal or malted milk, sweet condensed milk, etc. Due to the lack of protein, these babies are not skinny in shape, but the muscles are not strong, the growth is slow, and usually more disease.
(3) Vitamin D
Even in breastmilk, there is a lack of vitamin D. Breastfeeding needs to be replenished promptly, while milk-feeders are even more in need of supplies. In the absence of vitamin D, skeletal development is affected and susceptible to rickets.
(4) Iron and iron is one of the raw materials for hematopoiesis
After the baby is born, the iron obtained from the mother is stored in the body and can be used for 3 to 4 months after birth. If iron-rich foods are not supplemented in time after 4 months, nutritional iron deficiency anemia will occur. Fish, meat, pig liver, and animals have high levels of iron in the blood and high absorptivity. The amount of iron in soybeans is not low. Vitamin D can promote iron absorption and should be supplemented properly.
(5) Calcium
Calcium is an important component in bones. At present, adults generally lack calcium in their diets, and children are in the growth and development stage, and have more calcium requirements than adults. Although the calcium content in breast milk is low, the proportion of calcium and phosphorus is appropriate, and the absorption rate is high. Although the calcium content in milk is higher than that of breast milk, the high phosphorus content affects calcium absorption. Absorption of calcium depends on the action of vitamin D. In the absence of vitamin D, the absorption of calcium decreases. It should be noted that milk cannot be taken at the same time as calcium, because the two meet, allowing milk to settle.
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