Identification of raw herbs
Character identification
1. Soft purple grass root is irregularly long cylindrical, multi-distorted, 7-20cm long and 1-2.5cm in diameter. The surface is purple or purple-brown with loose skin and strips. Often more than 10 layers overlap, easy to peel off. The top shows distinct stem residues. Soft, soft, easy to break, cross-section irregularities, small wood, yellow or yellow-white. Gas-specific, hard to do bitter, astringent.
2. Lithospermum root is conical, twisted, branched, 7-14 cm long and 1-2 cm in diameter. The surface is purplish red or purple black, rough with coarse lines, thin skin, easy to peel off. Hard and brittle, easy to break, deep dark purple section, large wood, gray yellow. Gas specific, sour and sweet.
3. Lithospermum purpurea is conical or cylindrical, twisted, 6-20cm long and 0.5-4cm in diameter. The head is slightly thick, with 1 or more stumps at the top and short bristles. The surface is purplish or dark purple, the skin is slightly thin, the constant layers overlap, and it is easy to peel. Hard and brittle, easy to break, cross-section is neat, red purple skin, small wood, yellow-white. Gas-specific, astringent.
Thick, long, thick, purple, thick skin, wooden heart is better.
Microscopic identification
Powder characteristics:
(1) Soft purple grass dark purple.
1 Non-glandular trichomes are numerous, with a diameter of 13-56μm. The basal part enlarges in a trumpet shape. It can reach 185μm with a wall thickness of 5-13μm. It is non-ligninized and often has thin longitudinal stripes. Some cells contain purple-red material.
2 Assay cells filled with purple-red pigments, often coagulated into strips, clumps, gradually dissolved in the hydrated chloroaldehyde liquid pigments, the cells were brown; Polygonal or round polygons on the surface, thick and thin wall, wood column Change.
3 Most parenchyma cells are filled with purplish red pigment. After permeabilization with hydrated chlorhexidine solution, the cells are brown or brownish yellow and the boundaries of the cells are not clear. Occasionally, colorless parenchyma cells are about 15 μm in diameter.
4 Reticulate and bordered pit diameter 7-111μm.
(2) Hard purple grass purple.
1 The test cells are filled with purple-red pigments. Polygons or long polygons are observed on the surface. The walls are thin or slightly thick, and some are in the form of beads.
2 The parenchyma cells shrink, and some are slightly thicker, with a single pit, and a few cells contain a purple-red pigment.
3 Fibrous tubular fusiform or slender, diameter 9-29μm, wall thickness 1-4μm, some with longitudinal pits slit line pits, pit holes oblique cracks or adult-shaped, cross-shaped, often beyond the pit line.
4 The diameter of the bordered pits, reticulates and threaded conduits is 9-72μm.
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