Citrus high sweetness is an important symbol of fruit quality. In recent years, the quality of citrus produced in some orange groves has declined and the flavor has deteriorated. In addition to the selection of good varieties with high sugar content that are suitable for local water and soil conditions, there are many measures for fertilization that should be implemented.
The application of chemical fertilizers is to increase organic fertilizers. The survey found that some high-sweet citrus varieties lost their original flavor due to a large amount of chemical fertilizers, reduced sugar content, and increased acidity. If a large number of chemical nitrogen fertilizers and potassium fertilizers are used, nitrogen can promote vegetative growth, and the coloring of the fruits will be delayed, the color will be lighter, and the fruit skin will be thickened. Therefore, excessive nitrogen application will adversely affect the fruit's sweetness. Potassium can promote fruit enlargement, but too much potassium in the leaves will increase fruit acidity and make the flesh flavor fade.
The application of organic fertilizer in citrus production, especially various cake fertilizers and multiple organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, can not only meet the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium needed for growth in time, but also can supplement the trace elements such as magnesium and zinc, Improve soil acidity and soil bulk density, increase fertilizer use efficiency, prevent or correct citrus deficiency symptoms, increase soil fertility, and thereby increase its sweetness.
Changed to apply early basal fat. In the past, orange farmers used to apply base fertilizers during the winter. If the basal fertilizer based on organic fertilizer is applied in the autumn after picking, the early base fertilizer can be easily fermented and decomposed and easily absorbed by the tree, which is favorable for the decomposition and transformation of organic fertilizer in winter and spring and the continuous release of nutrients. As a result, citrus will be given new roots in time to facilitate the rapid recovery and growth of the next year. Due to the nutrients needed for flower bud differentiation and early flowering of citrus trees, flower bud differentiation is promoted, and flowering and fruiting are prevented, which can significantly increase citrus fruit yield and quality.
Increase calcium fertilizer. According to studies, the acidity of citrus is related to the amount of calcium in the soil. High calcium content citrus acidity is relatively low, and vice versa. Southern Orange soil is mostly red soil, soil acidity, the general pH value of 5-6, the general lack of calcium in the soil. Therefore, applying calcium fertilizer such as lime to the citrus orchard soil can effectively supplement the calcium content in the soil, and at the same time can make up for the calcium nutrients needed in the growing period of the citrus. Generally, 50-60 kg of lime per acre is applied to the orange soil to reduce the acidity of the orange soil and increase the accumulation of sugar and increase the sweetness.
Spray foliar fertilizer reasonably. In the early, middle and late stages after fruiting, a mixture of 0.2% monocalcium phosphate and 0.2% sodium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed on the upper leaves of fruit trees. Spraying calcium dihydrogen phosphate is beneficial to increase sugar and storage. Spraying sodium dihydrogen phosphate is beneficial to increase the ratio of sugar to acid. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is conducive to fruit enlargement. In the mature period of high temperatures, 100-200ppm of "Sweet Treasure" solution should be sprayed. Tests have shown that after fruit growth, spraying 2% lime water plus 0.4% salt mixture can improve photosynthesis in leaves, prevent high temperature injury, promote coloration, improve quality, and prematurely mature for 7-10 days.
With sweeteners. In 700 kilograms of water, 200 grams of pure boron, boron, 2.4% sucrose, and 0.7 grams of calcium chloride were added and dissolved as a "sweetener." The liquid was sprayed on the leaves of citrus using a sprayer. The front and back sides were sprayed evenly. After harvesting, the sugar content of the mandarin was 11.8 degrees and the acidity was 0.7. The sweetness was increased by 1.6 degrees compared to the non-sprayed liquid. . According to the test, 99.57% of ammonium thiosulfate and 0.43% of sodium lauryl sulfate were mixed, and 20,000 times of clean water was added to mix well. The mixture was allowed to stand overnight and then sprayed with fruit. When spraying, it is necessary to grasp the timing. The first spraying requires that the fruit has already grown and started to be red. The spraying volume is 0.5-1 liters per square meter. After 10 days, spray again. Tests showed that after the liquid was sprayed, the coloring rate was 95% and the sugar content was increased by 8.5%. This method is not only simple, high coloring rate, high sugar content, but also non-toxic, harmless, non-polluting, increase production and increase storage stability.
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