The sweet corn kernel has a lot of thin juice and high sugar content and is a health food favored by consumers among numerous corn varieties. In the autumn, if the matching techniques such as mudball breeding, timely sowing, and proper close planting are adopted, the yield per mu can reach 800 kg or more, and the production efficiency is significant. The high-yield cultivation techniques of autumn sweet corn are summarized as follows:
First, choose a good species
Sweet sweet varieties such as Yuetian No. 3, Jiamei No. 1, Nongda Super Sweet No. 1, Xinshi No. 1, Sweet Sweet No. 2, Sweet Sweet No. 3, and Guangtian No. 2 can be selected.
Second, the fine soil preparation
Cultivated by planting, width 80-85 cm wide, 25-30 cm wide, 30 cm deep. Before the 5-7 days of land preparation, we use the bactericide Leaku 747 solution with 150 grams of water to 30 kg in the whole field. If the temperature is lower, spraying should be carried out 2-3 days in advance. If the temperature is high, It can be postponed properly for 1-2 days and give full play to its efficacy.
Third, timely sowing
1. Appropriate sowing time: Sweet corn is greatly influenced by temperature, and when it is planted too early in autumn, the whole period of high temperature in the early period is shortened and the yield is reduced. Too late sowing is vulnerable to low temperature frost during pollination. Therefore, sowing time should be chosen from late July to mid-August.
2. Prepare the seedbed: The seedbed has a width of 1.2 meters (including a groove width of 30 centimeters). After the leveling, the surface is wetted with manure to ensure the humidity of the seedbed. Then, 1 kg of rice BB fertilizer is uniformly applied as a base fertilizer for every 10 square meters. Note that the seedbed must be flat so that the mud pellets are closely attached to the seedbed to reduce the water loss in the seedbed and to help the seedlings take root.
3, fine sowing: First, the fertile soil sandy loam + a small amount of grass ash (0.5 kg of ash per 100 kg of soil) as raw materials made of clay balls (dry and wet) placed on the seedbed. About 4,000 mud pellets are used per acre of Daejeon, and about half an orange is used for each clay pellet. Use the index finger to drill about 1.2 centimeters deep, and put one seed per hole after slightly drying. Mud pills should leave about 5 centimeters of space from the side of the skull to prevent the mudballs from appearing after reconstituting. The second is to do a good job of reconsolidation work. Spread fine soil on the mudballs, cover the seed holes and fill the mudball gap. Use a shower or sprayer to soak the wet noodles. Then mix 1.5 kg of fine sand and 0.1 kg of rice. Spread evenly on the surface to prevent the harm of underground pests.
4. Film Coverage: Sweet corn seeds are very sensitive to moisture, and water in the seed holes can easily cause the seeds to swell and die. Therefore, after the soil is covered with a thin film to prevent rain erosion, after the seedlings are unearthed, the film is peeled off, and the seedlings are applied by 1:20 light urine water to promote seedling growth.
Fourth, reasonable dense planting
1. Spraying and grafting: The seedlings were sprayed with 90% of the insecticide alone 800 times one day before transplantation.
2. Transplantation in a timely manner: 2.5 seedlings after seeding (8-10 days after sowing). Choose a cloudy day or a sunny afternoon for transplantation. Before planting, the seedlings should be classified as one large seedling and one seedling. Two rows of plants were used, with a row spacing of 55 cm, a spacing of 30 cm, and about 3,800 plants per acre. Planting holes before planting and applying 15kg + 500kg of rotten farmyard manure as base fertilizer with potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. Before the planting, the planting hole is soaked and wetted. When planting, the planting hole cannot be planted too deeply. The root of the seedling can not directly contact with the basic fertilizer. The seedling leaves go to the ditch and plant the rooting water.
V. Scientific fertilizer
1, early Shi Ti Miao Fei: 5 days after transplanting per acre applied irrigated manure water 20-25 Dan or urea 4-5 kg ​​mixed with 1000 kg of water application, in order to promote root growth, lay a good foundation for high yield.
2, Qiao Shi strong stalk fertilizer: corn 5-7 leaves, Mushi sulfate potassium fertilizer 15 kg + 5 kg of urea, fertilizer applied to the corn stem 8-10 cm from the surface and the soil, seedlings For the weaker ones, 8-10 kilograms of compound fertilizer was applied during the big bell mouth period (about 11 leaves).
3, re-apply strong grain fertilizer: corn 3-4 days after heading, Mushi Norwegian compound fertilizer 20-25 kg, can significantly increase the weight of corn single-seeded. At the same time, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phytochemicals, nucleotides, etc. can also be used for extra-root top dressing 1-2 times to increase the seed setting rate.
Sixth, scientific water
Sweet corn not only avoids water, but also fears drought. It requires less water in the early growth stage. In particular, impregnation at the seedling stage can easily damage the root system and even cause plant death. The water requirement during the heading grouting is relatively large. At this time, the field should be kept moist, and the dry land can be filled with water to ease the drought. However, rapid irrigation should be done to prevent waterlogging.
Seventh, timely earthwork
Sweet corn 5-7 leaf combined with fertilization, soil loosening, weeding, the first earth-cultivation, that is, small earth, the specific approach is to raise the bottom of the mud to the sides of the plant, but not too much, so as not to crush the stems and leaves as the standard . After entering the big bell-mouthing period, the second fertilization is performed in combination with the third fertilization, ie, large earthing, to ensure that the root system is not exposed, and the resistance to plant lodging is increased, and the nutrient absorption area is also increased.
Eight, timely determination
After the emergence of females, before silking, they should be settled in time, generally leaving only the topmost one, or leaving the corn roots below the top of the leaflets more than the top of the second, to eliminate the phenomenon of more than one strain, improve the sweet corn Product value.
9. Prevention of pests and rodents
1, poisonous rat: sweet corn seed and fresh wolfberry grain high sugar content, vulnerable to damage by the vole, so 10 days before sowing and 10-15 days before harvest with enemy mouse sodium salt and poison Valley made in the field for poisonous mice Reduce losses.
2, pests:
Ground tigers: In the dry land and in front of the fields as garden soil, the landforms are seriously damaged by the earthworms. Before planting, they can be treated with phoxim 800 times solution for planting holes or 5-7 days after planting.
Bighead cockroach, cockroach: Mu 0.5 kg trichlorfon + 0.5 kg of phoxim + a small amount of brown sugar + 20 kg of rice bran made of bait ring side, poisonous kill bighead cockroach, cockroach and other underground pests.
Corn borer: In the big bell mouth period, the mu 0.4 kg of Jinyun corn-specific organisms are applied to the “trumpet†by 10 kg of drug-mixed sand, which can effectively prevent various pests, especially corn borer damage. After pollination, 0.1-0.2 kg of Jinyun corn-specific biological pesticide was used to control 30 kg of water twice, and only corn stalks and filaments were sprayed during specific operations. The control effect was better.
Locust: Before and after heading, use dipterex 800 times liquid or fluke 1500 times for control.
3. Diseases: Rhizoctonia solani is controlled by Jinggangmycin powder or Jinggangmycin agent. Large and small leaf spot can be controlled by Rhynchophora or Rhizoctonia. Rust can be obtained by triadimefon or agricultural streptomycin. Prevention.
Ten, timely harvest
The time requirement for sweet corn harvesting is more stringent, harvesting is too early, and the sweetness and yield cannot meet the requirements. If the harvesting is too late, the corn kernels will shrink, the sweetness will decrease, and the yield will decrease. Therefore, it is a standard that the corn silk is dry, the pale leaf color is light, and the grain is full and golden or orange. When harvesting, 8-10 loquat leaves should be preserved to ensure the quality of fresh taro and extend the storage time.
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