I. Cultivation techniques
1, sowing date and sowing amount of multi-planting ryegrass from late August to early September sowing is appropriate, using sowing or drilling, seed use amount of 1.5 to 2 kg; alfalfa spring, summer and autumn can be sowing, using sowing, acres 0.8 to 1 kg of seeds; Sudan grass sowing in late March to early June, the amount of mu for 2 to 3 kg; hybrid Pennisetum seeding in spring, 0.1 to 0.2 kg per mu, can also be used to root pods broadcast.
2. Fertilization and Field Management The amount of fertilizer needed for pasture varies from species to species. Medium fertility of the soil, per acre nitrogen fertilizer Sudan grass 25 ~ 30 kg is appropriate, ryegrass 20 ~ 25 kg is appropriate, hybrid Pennisetum 25 kg. Alfalfa is dominated by phosphate fertilizers, applying 25 to 40 kilograms per acre, and applying molybdenum and zinc fertilizers appropriately. After each harvest, apply about 5 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer, or apply a certain amount of human and animal dung. Field management is mainly loose soil weeding, long drought watering, ensure the whole seedlings, usually to do a good job of field water system.
3, harvest time and number of harvest time and the number of times directly affect the quality and yield of fresh grass. The harvest is too early, although the quality is good, but the output is low; too late, the output is high, but the quality is poor, so it is very important to grasp the appropriate harvest time and frequency. Ryegrass can generally be cut 3 times to 4 times, beginning in mid-April to castration; Sudan grass, hybrid Pennisetum castrated in the late June to early July, generally can be cut 4-5 times; Alfalfa in Harvesting begins at the beginning of April, and it can be cut three times. After another summer, it is cut one more time. In addition, some complementary varieties can be interplanted, such as bitter leeks, clover, skewers, and other herbs, in order to ensure that there are fresh grass feeding fish every day.
4. The area is generally planted with 350-400 square meters of grassland per acre of water. The main varieties of ryegrass in spring are sown at the end of August and the beginning of September, with a planting area of ​​about 200 square meters per acre and a yield of 4000-5000 kg per mu. Sudan grass and hybrid Pennisetum are the main varieties of grass in summer. Each mu of land is planted with about 200 square meters. Sudan grass can be planted in phases. Early March sowing is available for grass in mid-June. In early June, sowing is per acre. Grass 8000-10000 kg. Alfalfa is a perennial forage grass with excellent grass quality. It can be planted in spring and autumn. It is planted with about 150 square meters per acre of water surface. Grass is supplied from the beginning of April and can be castrated three times before the end of June. It can be used with ryegrass. Feeding, after the summer, in October-November, the grass can be cut again, just to replace the Sudan grass and hybrid Pennisetum. After each kind of forage and after each cutting, it is necessary to pay attention to timely cultivation and fertilizer so as to promote its regeneration and growth.
Second, rational breeding of grass-breeding fish, should be grass-eating fish such as grass carp, group head lice as the main species, with polyculture carp, squid and other omnivorous fish, while the carp, carp stocking ratio can be reduced appropriately .
Grass carp has strong feeding ability, fast growth, and low mortality rate. A lot of stocking is most beneficial to increase production. Although the head squid has a slow growth, it has a high economic value and can devour the grass squid. Because of its inability to feed on grass carp, it is necessary to win by number when stocking. Carp, squid, etc. eat residual larvae, which can reduce the decomposition of organic matter in the bottom of the pool, so the proportion of stocking can increase with the increase in total output and yield. The proportion of carp and carp stocking is relatively small.
The specific proportions of all kinds of fish are: 200-250 tails of grass carp per mu of water surface stocking size of 0.15-0.25 kg; 180-230 tails of head fish of about 50 grams, which can be appropriately increased to 250-mu per mu when the size is small 300 tails; 40-50 grams of squid 80-100 tails; 25-30 grams of squid 250-300 tails; 60-80 grams of squid 150-180 tails; 80-100 grams of squid 60-80 tails. The time for launching is appropriate in late February and early March. At the end of the year, 700 kg of fresh fish can be caught per acre, and the output per mu can reach more than 500 kg, excluding the weight of the fish.
Third, strengthen the management of the daily feeding amount of forage can be based on the day's climate, water quality, fish appetite and other circumstances, feeding time should generally be fed at 8-9 am, the amount of feeding should be in the afternoon 4 It is advisable to finish it at -5. If this is done before this time, the amount of straw thrown on the next day should be increased as appropriate; if it is not finished or the weather is bad, the next day can be reduced as appropriate. Residual grass clippings should be removed the evening of the same day to prevent rot from affecting water quality.
For grass-fish ponds, organic manure is usually used for dressing, and only a small amount of fertilizer is applied during the high temperature season. The method, quantity, and number of topdressing should be flexibly controlled according to season, water temperature, and water color. The principles to be followed are: high-temperature weather, indiscriminate application, less application, less or no application on cloudy or rainy days, less water, and more water. Organic manure is generally applied once every 10-15 days. Each time, it can apply 1-1.5 kg of urea per acre and apply 1.5-2 kg of phosphate fertilizer. After the two fertilizers are dissolved in water, they are splashed in Quanchipia.
Grass-breeding fish should be given a small amount of water at the beginning of stocking, adding water every 5-7 days, adding 10-15 centimeters of fresh water each time, and reaching the maximum water level of 2-2.5 meters by mid-June. Change the water 1 time every 10 days. For ponds with poor water quality, the amount of water to be changed each time should be about 1/3 of the original, in order to maintain the quality of water, fertilizer, live, tender and cool, the best transparency between 25-30 cm, pH value of 7-8.
1, sowing date and sowing amount of multi-planting ryegrass from late August to early September sowing is appropriate, using sowing or drilling, seed use amount of 1.5 to 2 kg; alfalfa spring, summer and autumn can be sowing, using sowing, acres 0.8 to 1 kg of seeds; Sudan grass sowing in late March to early June, the amount of mu for 2 to 3 kg; hybrid Pennisetum seeding in spring, 0.1 to 0.2 kg per mu, can also be used to root pods broadcast.
2. Fertilization and Field Management The amount of fertilizer needed for pasture varies from species to species. Medium fertility of the soil, per acre nitrogen fertilizer Sudan grass 25 ~ 30 kg is appropriate, ryegrass 20 ~ 25 kg is appropriate, hybrid Pennisetum 25 kg. Alfalfa is dominated by phosphate fertilizers, applying 25 to 40 kilograms per acre, and applying molybdenum and zinc fertilizers appropriately. After each harvest, apply about 5 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer, or apply a certain amount of human and animal dung. Field management is mainly loose soil weeding, long drought watering, ensure the whole seedlings, usually to do a good job of field water system.
3, harvest time and number of harvest time and the number of times directly affect the quality and yield of fresh grass. The harvest is too early, although the quality is good, but the output is low; too late, the output is high, but the quality is poor, so it is very important to grasp the appropriate harvest time and frequency. Ryegrass can generally be cut 3 times to 4 times, beginning in mid-April to castration; Sudan grass, hybrid Pennisetum castrated in the late June to early July, generally can be cut 4-5 times; Alfalfa in Harvesting begins at the beginning of April, and it can be cut three times. After another summer, it is cut one more time. In addition, some complementary varieties can be interplanted, such as bitter leeks, clover, skewers, and other herbs, in order to ensure that there are fresh grass feeding fish every day.
4. The area is generally planted with 350-400 square meters of grassland per acre of water. The main varieties of ryegrass in spring are sown at the end of August and the beginning of September, with a planting area of ​​about 200 square meters per acre and a yield of 4000-5000 kg per mu. Sudan grass and hybrid Pennisetum are the main varieties of grass in summer. Each mu of land is planted with about 200 square meters. Sudan grass can be planted in phases. Early March sowing is available for grass in mid-June. In early June, sowing is per acre. Grass 8000-10000 kg. Alfalfa is a perennial forage grass with excellent grass quality. It can be planted in spring and autumn. It is planted with about 150 square meters per acre of water surface. Grass is supplied from the beginning of April and can be castrated three times before the end of June. It can be used with ryegrass. Feeding, after the summer, in October-November, the grass can be cut again, just to replace the Sudan grass and hybrid Pennisetum. After each kind of forage and after each cutting, it is necessary to pay attention to timely cultivation and fertilizer so as to promote its regeneration and growth.
Second, rational breeding of grass-breeding fish, should be grass-eating fish such as grass carp, group head lice as the main species, with polyculture carp, squid and other omnivorous fish, while the carp, carp stocking ratio can be reduced appropriately .
Grass carp has strong feeding ability, fast growth, and low mortality rate. A lot of stocking is most beneficial to increase production. Although the head squid has a slow growth, it has a high economic value and can devour the grass squid. Because of its inability to feed on grass carp, it is necessary to win by number when stocking. Carp, squid, etc. eat residual larvae, which can reduce the decomposition of organic matter in the bottom of the pool, so the proportion of stocking can increase with the increase in total output and yield. The proportion of carp and carp stocking is relatively small.
The specific proportions of all kinds of fish are: 200-250 tails of grass carp per mu of water surface stocking size of 0.15-0.25 kg; 180-230 tails of head fish of about 50 grams, which can be appropriately increased to 250-mu per mu when the size is small 300 tails; 40-50 grams of squid 80-100 tails; 25-30 grams of squid 250-300 tails; 60-80 grams of squid 150-180 tails; 80-100 grams of squid 60-80 tails. The time for launching is appropriate in late February and early March. At the end of the year, 700 kg of fresh fish can be caught per acre, and the output per mu can reach more than 500 kg, excluding the weight of the fish.
Third, strengthen the management of the daily feeding amount of forage can be based on the day's climate, water quality, fish appetite and other circumstances, feeding time should generally be fed at 8-9 am, the amount of feeding should be in the afternoon 4 It is advisable to finish it at -5. If this is done before this time, the amount of straw thrown on the next day should be increased as appropriate; if it is not finished or the weather is bad, the next day can be reduced as appropriate. Residual grass clippings should be removed the evening of the same day to prevent rot from affecting water quality.
For grass-fish ponds, organic manure is usually used for dressing, and only a small amount of fertilizer is applied during the high temperature season. The method, quantity, and number of topdressing should be flexibly controlled according to season, water temperature, and water color. The principles to be followed are: high-temperature weather, indiscriminate application, less application, less or no application on cloudy or rainy days, less water, and more water. Organic manure is generally applied once every 10-15 days. Each time, it can apply 1-1.5 kg of urea per acre and apply 1.5-2 kg of phosphate fertilizer. After the two fertilizers are dissolved in water, they are splashed in Quanchipia.
Grass-breeding fish should be given a small amount of water at the beginning of stocking, adding water every 5-7 days, adding 10-15 centimeters of fresh water each time, and reaching the maximum water level of 2-2.5 meters by mid-June. Change the water 1 time every 10 days. For ponds with poor water quality, the amount of water to be changed each time should be about 1/3 of the original, in order to maintain the quality of water, fertilizer, live, tender and cool, the best transparency between 25-30 cm, pH value of 7-8.
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