Tessartoma?papillosa Drury is an alias for litchi, commonly known as stoneback and stinker. Classification properties: Hemiptera, Polygonaceae
Morphological characteristics: Adults: 24 to 28 mm in length, shield-shaped, tan-brown, white wax on the ventral side of the chest. Antennae 4 knots, dark brown. The chest is inclined forwards and downwards; the stoma glands open to the front of the posterior chest plate. The back of the abdomen is red, and the female abdomen has a longitudinal slit at the center of the seventh section of the abdomen and is divided into two pieces. This feature can be used to identify male and female.
Eggs: nearly spherical, diameter 2.5 ~ 2.7 mm, light green when the first production, a small number of light yellow, purple near the hatching, often 14 grains together into a block.
?? Nymphs: a total of five instars long, oval; body color from red to dark blue, dark blue center and outer edge of the abdomen. The nymphal glands open on the back of the abdomen.
Injury symptoms: adults and nymphs use litchi, longan buds, young shoots, flower spikes, and fruit juices, resulting in falling flowers and falling fruit, often resulting in loss of fruit production.
Occurrence characteristics: Fujian, Guangdong, and Guangxi occurred one generation a year, and immature adults became winter. Adults have a cluster of wintering habits, mostly wintering in the host's sheltered, sunny and thicker canopy groves, as well as in house-tile tiles near the orchard. When the temperature reaches about 16% in early March of the following year, the overwintering adults start their activities and they feed on litchi, longan shoots, or spikes. After sexual maturity, they start mating and spawning. Eggs are produced on the leaves, and there are also a few. Eggs are found in shoots, trunks, and other places other than trees. The spawning period of adults ranges from mid-March to early October, with the peak of spawning in April and May.
Control methods
1. Chemical control: In March, the overwintering adults spray once at the active shoots of the new shoots, and then spray them 1-2 times during the peak period of the young nymphs in April and May. The spraying of trichlorfon 800-1000 times is very effective. , Or 20% cypermethrin 2000 ~ 8000 times solution. Generally, the spray volume is 7.5 to 10 kilograms per plant, and large areas of litchi and longan areas can be used by aircraft. (Trichlorfon 20 times, 30-37.5 kg per hectare) o
?? 2, biological control: natural enemies parasitized on the eggs of the Anastomeria spp. (Anastatustus spp.), oviductus spp. (Ooencyrtuscorbetti Ferr.), Malay yellow abomas (O.malayensis Ferr.) ) and O.crionotoeFeff., as well as maggots, cockroaches, birds, etc., should be protected and used. The use of flat-bellied bees to control litchi clams has been widely used in Guangdong Province, Fujian Province also Demonstrations have been made to introduce or reproduce sufficient amounts of flat-bellied wasps in the early spring, start bee-laying at the beginning of spawning, and then every 10 days for a total of three times, typically 500 females per plant at a time. Bees, when the density of litchi pods is large, the liquid is sprayed with trichlorfon to reduce the density of larvae and then the bees are released.
??3, manual killing. Kill overwintering adults, pick eggs, and exterminate nymphs.
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