Base material handling principle
Balanced nutrition, scientific fermentation, even maturity, no pests.
Base material formula
Wheat straw (or straw) 3000 kg, cow dung powder 3000 kg, superphosphate 60 kg, urea 40 kg, lime powder 80 kg, gypsum powder 80 kg, calcium carbonate 90 kg, Saibai 09 drug 1500 g (30 bags), Edible fungus three-dimensional nutrient essence (mixed type) 1440 grams (12 bags). The formula ensures the overall balance of the nutrition of the base material to the utmost extent, and makes the mycelia of the mushroom strong, and maximizes the biomass.
In addition to the raw and auxiliary materials mentioned above, corn kernels, corn stalks, cotton seed hulls, bacilli, biogas residues, chicken manure, and pig manure can all be used as cultivation materials.
Raw and auxiliary material requirements
All raw materials need to be fresh and free from mildew. Wheat straw and rice straw should be dried in time when the crops are harvested in season. The corn heart is crushed; cow dung is spread out, and the cow dung is knocked out and knocked with tweezers to make it appear quickly. The state of smashing the powder, then sifting once, re-crushing more than 1 cm of fecal pellet, finally the cow dung into powder; fresh chicken dung, pig dung, etc., fully dried, and then add the biological starter by 10%, to accumulate Fermentation, no starter, can be added 2% lime powder, 2% superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, according to the ratio of manure to about 1:1 add water and mix well, build heap fermentation. After 2 to 3 weeks, when fecal heaps are covered with white actinomycetes, the volume-to-weight ratio is significantly reduced, and the odor is greatly reduced, the exposure can be spread and dried, and the biogas residue can be discharged as a normal gas-generating digester. The decomposed biogas residue, the pH value of the biogas slurry is 7-7.5, the fresh residue is put on the hardened ground, and the moisture or dryness is dried, the moisture content is below 15%; if the calcium carbonate is not produced, the gypsum powder can be properly increased. Dosage, one supplement mineral composition, two buffer base material pH value; gypsum powder is raw and cooked, but the price of raw gypsum is appropriate; lime powder should be quicklime after decomposing the new powder, too long time, water content Excessive can also be used, but the dosage should be increased as appropriate.
Fermentation
1 Pre-wetting and building piles: Pre-wet the wheat straw directly with water and keep it for 2 days so that it is thoroughly soaked. Straw, corn stalks, and corn cores are treated as such; cotton hulls and mash waste can be mixed well with water over 2 to 4 hours before fermentation. In addition to three-dimensional sperm, all raw and auxiliary materials are used for building heap fermentation. The way is a layer of grass, a layer of cow dung (chicken manure, etc.) and accessories, stacked layers. When the general building piles, there should be surplus cow dung, not all paved in the material should be at the top of the pile with a pile of cow dung straight from the pile, so that the rain and prevent the rise of heat from the pile up too much. After the completion of the construction of the pile, the piles resemble a row of bungalows without doors and windows. The thermometer was inserted 40 cm into the 1 m high stack to monitor the material temperature.
2 one-time fermentation: counted from the date of self-built heap, respectively, full 6 days, 5 days, 4 days, 3 days, 2 days each turn one. The purpose is to change the position of each fermentation zone in the pile, in particular, to make the base material, which has a low temperature during the previous fermentation process such as edge material, bottom material, and top material, turn into a high-temperature fermentation zone to accept high temperature, or to say All the raw materials and auxiliary materials are evenly placed in the aerobic fermentation zone, and they are fully fermented, thereby changing their physical and chemical properties so that nutrition can be effectively decomposed and transformed. The method of turning the piles is to spray water on the stack several hours in advance so that the marginal forage can be fully absorbed. When the stack is dumped, the stack of cow dung is first plucked down, and then starting from the end of the stack, the edge material is removed, and the high temperature area inside the pile is used as the bottom and top of the new material pile, and the edge material, the bottom material and the top material are turned over. Into the middle of the new stockpile. The procedure for building a new reactor is still the same as for the first time. The cow dung is laid on top of the floor. It is worth noting that in the process of turning, the excrement of cow dung in the heap of raw materials has been difficult to completely remove and re-ply, so as to make it evenly distributed in the various layers. When the stack is turned, it should start from the 2nd layer and be properly replenished. The amount of water in each layer depends on the moisture content of the raw material. It is appropriate to use wet and not seepage, so as to avoid loss of nutrients, especially fast-acting nutrients. The second turn method is the same as above. On the third turnover, the 800-fold phoxim solution was weighed and sprayed evenly into each layer at a dosage of about 50 kg per ton of dry material in order to drive off pests in the material pile. At the last turning, the moisture content of the base material was adjusted, and the three-dimensional pheromone was uniformly injected. After two days, the temperature was spread and the water content was adjusted to 65% and the pH value was set to 8. After cooling to 30°C or lower, it was allowed to enter the shed and sow the material.
3 secondary fermentation method: outdoor fermentation for about 15 days, the material into the shed, using a pile of way to pile up all base materials into piles along the bed base, close all ventilation holes, doors, windows, etc., so that the base material naturally warming, 2 Days later, steam can be introduced into the shed near the ground. Conditionally, steam can be introduced from the four corners of the shed to allow the shed temperature and material temperature to rise simultaneously. When steam is burned, small steam boilers are used as much as possible, and a plurality of oil drums can also be connected. After the water is injected into the water, the fire burns so that a large amount of steam is generated, and the steam is introduced into the shed through pipes so that the material temperature and the shelf temperature can reach 56 simultaneously. ~ 60 °C, and maintain about 7 hours. After the heating is stopped, the temperature in the shed is slowly and naturally decreased. When the temperature of the shed is reduced to about 50°C, heating is continued, an appropriate amount of steam is introduced, and the temperature is maintained for 5 days. During the period, the temperature should be ventilated once a day at noon. Increase the amount of steam when ventilation, in order to prevent the material temperature greatly reduced. Generally maintained for 6 days, you can remove the gas source, ventilation and cooling. When the material temperature drops below 28°C, the material can be sowed.