(I) Feeding San Ding 1. Timing. Regular feeding is a good dietary reflex for calves. Feeding should be done for a fixed number of times to increase appetite and digestion in calves. In the first 2 weeks, you should feed less frequently, feed 4 times daily, feed 3 times on 3–5 weeks, and feed 2 times daily after 6 weeks. Irregular diet will lead to the secretion of digestive juice and gastrointestinal disorders in yak, which can lead to various diseases and affect the normal growth and development of calves. 2. Quantitative. Food should be reasonably fed according to the feeding program standard. For the first two weeks of calf, calves should be half-starved and must not be over-eating, otherwise they can easily cause calf squatting. The daily feeding of these two weeks is about one-tenth of the body weight, so that it maintains a strong appetite without affecting health. On the 3rd to 4th of the week, the amount of milk fed is 1/8 of its body weight, and 5 - 6 weeks of age is 1/9 of its body weight. After 7 weeks of age, it is 1/10 of the body weight or is gradually weaned. Each feeding should be 1/4--1/2 clean warm water in fresh milk. Without diluting the water, the milk is not fully mixed in the oral cavity in the digestive juice, and the acne can be solidified into a hard and indigestible agglomerate. If the agglomerate is too hard, the pyloric plug can often be caused and the food cannot be discharged in the stomach. , will die due to wrinkles. 3. Fixed temperature. Maintaining a constant milk temperature is an important principle for feeding milk calves. If the diet is too cold, it will lead to irritability and gastrointestinal motility to accelerate diarrhea; if the diet is too hot, it is not good, and a high-temperature diet can make the digestive tract mucosal congestion and inflammation of calves. Easy to cause enteritis. It is generally best to stay at 38--40°C. (b) feeding three feet 1. Grass foot. It is a big transformation process that the yaks live from relying on milk to eating grass. The method of putting grass should be scientific, and the focus should be on reasonable arrangements for the type and quality of roughage. After 3 weeks of age, calves should induce high quality hay for calves, and gradually increase the amount of calves as the age increases. Before 8 weeks of age should not feed silage and straw feed. In summer, more green feed or reasonable grazing can be provided. In winter, it is better to feed some carrots, sugar beets or other root and stem feeds. 2. Material foot. Blending with concentrates is an ideal product to replace milk in the early stages. To overcome this, only pay attention to lowering the amount of milk and save costs, while ignoring compensation measures, resulting in calves not being full or undernourished, resulting in weakness and reduced survival rate of calves. , even affecting the serious consequences of its life. 3. Water foot. In addition to the appropriate amount of warm water in the milk, the yak must also be provided with sufficient drinking water. Drink warm water in winter and drink clean cold water in summer. Calves lacking drinking water are less likely to be lying and moving, and their coat color is not correct. Their interest in grass fodder is insufficient, and urine is less yellow and their resistance is reduced. Therefore, there should be a sink in the playground and keep the water constant. The most bogey is to avoid drinking after thirsty, because it is easy to cause water intoxication, and in serious cases there will be danger of death. (three) three operations fine 1. Care. Create and provide a comfortable natural environment for Yak. It is best to allow yaks to be single-columned and not to be polycultured with different months of age. Otherwise, bullying will be small, bullying will be strong, and calves will not grow well. Keep ventilation in the barn (but to prevent thief), indoor dry, temperature should be moderate, the minimum winter can not be below -10 °C, the maximum summer can not exceed 30 °C. The schedule of work and rest should be fixed, and different operating procedures for different seasons should be arranged. The person who raises the yak needs to fix someone to enhance the affinity between humans and livestock and reduce the stress. 2. Fine feeding. Nursing cows and low-calorie yak breeders often have more frequent feed changes. Each feed must have a transitional period, making it a habit and adapting to new feed conditions. After the yak is born, first of all, it is necessary to use a rubber milk jug and cut a crisscross at the top of the pacifier. When the calf sucks, the milk will flow into the abomasum. And because the breast pumping speed is relatively slow, it can be evenly mixed with the digestive juice, and the coagulation of the verrucose coagulum into a soft one is beneficial to digestion. After 1 week of age, the yaks will teach them to eat milk substitutes. The method is: to feed the yak mouth a little feed surface, or before the yak will eat milk, to sprinkle some material surface in the milk tank, so that they forage, this can promote the yak early intake of concentrate, there are Assist early weaning to achieve the transition from animal feed to vegetable feed. 2--3 weeks old or slightly earlier, to guide the yak to drink milk with a milk bucket. For yaks who will not have milk in the milk tank, the breeder can use the index finger and middle finger to reach into the milk bucket. The gap between the two fingers can be divided into a gap. After the cow can continuously suck the milk from this space, slowly pull out the finger and avoid brutality. Give calves milk or medicine. After 3 weeks of age, give calves some quality hay or grass and let them feed freely. 3 thin tube. After the calf is born, it is necessary to promptly fill in the number, birth weight, pedigree source, cow delivery time, and whether there is abnormality. After 7 days, go to the corner, the latest can not be more than two weeks. The density of cattle beds should be reasonable, with each yak accounting for 3 square meters and 4 square meters after 4 months of age. Frequent disinfection, winter at least once a month, summer 10 times a day. Disinfect it with caustic soda, lime water, or basil. (d) Management of three good 1. Movement is good. The yak within 1 week of age has weak resistance to external environmental factors and usually does not allow calves to go outdoors. From 7 days to 20 days, the outdoor activities can be gradually increased to expose them to sunlight and fresh air. After 20 days, the yaks can exercise on the playground all day. When the body is strong, it can increase the amount of exercise, and drive the exercise 2 - 3 times a day for 30 minutes each time. 2. Brush well. Brushing is essential for the health and growth of yak. ​​It can promote blood circulation at the end of the skin, remove hair endothelium and dust, prevent ectoparasite invasion and reduce disease. 3. Care is good. After the yak is born, first wipe the mucus around the mouth and nose with a clean dry towel, dry the body with dry grass, cut the umbilical cord 10 cm away from the abdominal wall, and sterilize it with 5% iodine. After each feeding, use a towel to wipe off the milk remaining around the calf's mouth and nose. Pay attention to the behaviour, spirit and feces of the herd. If the coat is found to be fluffy, scattered, bowed, walked, coughing, coughing, etc., it is a symptom of illness. If you see faecal whitening, thinning, diarrhea, such as water, pus and blood, often digestive disorders or other diseases, should be promptly requested veterinary diagnosis and treatment. The yak within 3 months of age should adhere to the temperature measurement system. (v) Sanitation 1. Net feed. Yak feed must not become mildewed, freeze ice, and must not contain impurities such as iron wire, nails, cow hair, feces and wood chips. Summer temperatures are high, and the feed should not be stored for too long after being mixed with water. 2. The car body is clean. Ensure that calves are not contaminated with muddy water and feces and reduce disease. Brush 1-2 times a day. 3. Tool net. When breast-feeding artificially, the milk and feeding tools must pay attention to hygiene. Every time the used milking equipment, feeding trough, drinking trough, etc. must be washed clean, kept clean, and strictly sterilized regularly.