Cold-growing cultivation technique and cold storage construction design of Flammulina velutipes

Cold-growing cultivation technique and cold storage construction design of Flammulina velutipes

Flammulina velutipes is a low-temperature type mushroom. Under natural climatic conditions, it is arranged to cultivate mushrooms in the cold season of winter and spring. The supply of fresh mushrooms is abundant, sales are difficult, and the price is low. Using the low temperature environment of the cold storage to realize the anti-season cultivation of Flammulina velutipes, the mushroom supply market in the high temperature season, the high price of fresh mushrooms, can obtain higher economic benefits. It is technically difficult to cultivate Flammulina velutipes in cold storage. In addition to strictly following the technical practice of natural season cultivation, it should focus on solving the technology of moisturizing bacteria bags and preventing contamination of bacteria.

1. Cold storage reconstruction For the existing air-cooled cold storage, materials with good thermal insulation properties are selected, and heat insulation and reconstruction are done to improve the thermal insulation performance of the cold storage. The plastic storage board is used to separate the cold storage into a community, which is convenient for the management of the bacteria and the mushroom. Cold-growing cultivation technique and cold storage construction design of Flammulina velutipes

2. Preparation of culture materials The appropriate addition of nitrogen source in the culture material can speed up the feed rate of hyphae and increase the amount of mushrooms. The formula of cottonseed hull is mainly composed of 17% bran and 3% corn flour. When corncob and wood chips are used as the main material, the amount of skin is 20% and corn 5% is suitable. The water content of the culture material is increased to about 65%, which can leave a suitable moisture content for the mushroom bag.

3. Packing of golden mushroom in cold storage, using short bag cultivation, one-time mushrooming is better. Use 15cm X35cm plastic film bag to reduce the diameter of the bag mouth and reduce the evaporation of moisture on the material surface; the loading amount is the same, the material height is 13~15cm, the material should be properly tightly packed, close to the bag wall, the material surface should be Compaction, to prevent the upper material from loosening, the matrix is ​​easy to lose water; use the tie-sealing method to replace the neck sleeve cotton plug method, and the tie is close to the material surface.

To reduce the loss of moisture in the material.

4. Sterilize immediately after sterilization, so that the ingredients, bagging and sterilization are completed in one day to prevent the fermentation of the culture material, the proliferation of harmful bacteria, the secretion and accumulation of toxic substances, and the normal growth of mycelium. Atmospheric steam sterilization, at 100 ° C temperature, must be maintained for more than 10 hours, in order to completely kill the bacteria inside the material.

5. Inoculation Strictly carry out aseptic operation procedures, select strains with strong vitality, robustness and age, remove the hyphae of surface water loss, aging and low vitality, and evenly connect the strains to the surface of the culture material, and then stick to it. The surface is sealed to make the bacteria and the surface close together. This makes it difficult for the noodle strain to lose water due to the cooling of the wind, which is conducive to the germination of the hyphae and speed up the feeding rate, and improve the yield of the bacteria bag.

6. The bacteria management adjusts the temperature, humidity, ventilation and light conditions, speeds up the bacteria growth, reduces the water dispersion in the bag, and retains the proper moisture in the matrix when the mushroom bag is mushroomed.

(1) The temperature is adjusted to 18~20°C, and the temperature of the top of the library is lower than 22°C, so that the hyphae can accelerate the growth and mature under the moderate temperature environment, shorten the time of the bacteria, reduce the water loss of the surface, and prevent the upper bacteria. Silk aging.

(2) Humidity control is between 60% and 65%.

(3) Ventilation Regular ventilation and ventilation, one time each morning and evening, 30 minutes each time, to ensure the oxygen required for the bacteria.

(4) The light is shielded by light to maintain the dark environment, promote the growth of mycelium, and inhibit the premature formation of mushroom buds.

(5) The temperature outside the clear bag and the disinfection cold storage is high, and the bacteria and aphids are easy to breed, spread and spread. Regularly check and clean the bacteria bags to deal with pollution and harmful bacteria bags in a timely manner. The culture chamber is disinfected and sterilized once a week with dichlorvos and carbendazim. When the mites are severely affected, they can be killed by tripropanol and ketone.

(6) Songkou oxygen supply When the hyphae in the bag is about 5 cm, untie the rope that is tight at the mouth of the bag, loosen the mouth of the bag, let a small amount of air penetrate into the bag, breathe oxygen, and promote the healthy growth of mycelium. However, the mouth of the bag cannot be opened to avoid water loss on the surface.

7. Mushroom management cold mushroom cultivation of Flammulina velutipes, in order to shorten the production cycle, to obtain high-yield, high-quality head-shaped mushroom is the key to mushroom management. Management should do the following work:

(1) After the buds are overgrown with the culture material, the sputum should be opened in time to remove the bacteria and the aging silk of the surface layer. After sputum bacteria, it can stimulate the mushroom buds to occur synchronously, making the mushrooms dense and uniform. After the sputum bacteria, the bacteria bags are neatly discharged on the mushroom bed frame. The temperature of the mushroom house is controlled at 12~15 °C. In order to prevent the water dispersion of the surface from being dried and dry, the bag mouth should be gathered in time after the bacteria are sterilized, and the spray moisturizing is performed at the same time to keep the relative humidity of the air at 80% to 90%. If the surface of the fungus is dry, the amount of water can be sprayed to the surface to restore the growth. Increase the number of ventilation of the mushroom house and increase the oxygen content in the air. After 7~10 days, the above-mentioned measures will produce a neat and robust mushroom bud. Cold-growing cultivation technique and cold storage construction design of Flammulina velutipes

(2) After suppressing the appearance of mushroom buds, fold the bag opening to the material surface. When the stalk length is 2~3 cm and the diameter of the cap is about 2 mm, low temperature, low humidity, ventilation and light inhibition are performed to promote the bacteria. The growth length of the handle is neat and uniform. The temperature of the mushroom room is reduced to 3~5 °C, reducing the number of water sprays or stopping the water spray, reducing the air humidity, increasing the ventilation time, increasing the light and extending the illumination time of the work light. This period is 4 to 6 days. After the inhibition period, the cap and the stipe are relatively firm and tidy.

(3) The elongation period reduces the concentration of carbon dioxide in ventilation and promotes the rapid elongation of the stem. The temperature of the reservoir is 10 °C and 12 °C, the humidity is 85% and 90%. The ventilation frequency is less, the time is slightly longer, and the dry and wet alternate is maintained, which is beneficial to the elongation of the stem and avoiding the occurrence of bacterial freckles. After 15 days, the cap diameter was 0.81. 3 cm, and the stipe length was 1215 cm, which entered the harvesting period.

If you want to consult a cold storage, the approximate cost is. First of all, you need to tell me how big and cold the company is. Our company will give you a complete design plan and a more accurate cold storage quotation according to your specific situation.

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