Concentrated feed is a mixture of proteins, minerals, trace elements, vitamins, and non-nutrient additives in a certain proportion. When used, as long as it is incorporated into a certain amount of energy feed formulated from corn, bran, sorghum, barley and other raw materials, it can become a full-price compound feed that can meet the nutritional needs of livestock and poultry. In practice, the use of enriched feeds has solved the problem of insufficient nutrition of livestock and poultry caused by the lack of protein feeds among the farmers and farms. What is more important is that it can make full use of local resources, reduce transportation costs, and reduce feed costs. Therefore, there is the reality of the energy produced feed ingredients for the current rural small-scale, decentralized characteristics of animal husbandry, as well as the hands of farmers, promote the use of concentrated feed welcomed by the majority of farmers. 1. Formulation of concentrated feed The preparation of concentrated feed varies according to the type of livestock and poultry, and its formulation requirements are also different. Therefore, we should first determine the use of the object, and control the corresponding feeding standards, and then select a full-price compound feed formula that is close to the standard according to the type and quantity of feed; then, respectively, combine the ratio of the energy feed and the concentrated feed, and find the concentrated feed. In the percentage of various raw materials, you can get the formula for the required concentrated feed. Here is an example of a concentrated feed formulation for 60kg and 90kg lean-type pigs. The preparation method for a concentrated feed is described. (1) Determination of Nutritional Criteria Nutritional standards for 60kg to 90kg lean lean pigs are: digestive energy 13.02MJ/kg, crude protein 14%, calcium 0.5%, phosphorus 0.4%, lysine 0.63%, methionine and cystine 0.32%. (2) Choose corn with formula feed 40%, bran 20.5%, sorghum 20%, bean cake 8.5%, rapeseed cake 10%, bone meal 0.3%, shell powder 0.2%, various additives 0.5%. Its nutritional level is: digestive energy 13.10MJ/kg, crude protein 14.1%, calcium 0.45%, phosphorus 0.41%, lysine 0.8%, methionine and cystine 0.56%. (3) Calculating the ratio of the concentrated feed in the compound feed is known from the above formula: the energy feed is 80.5%, and the concentrated feed ratio is 19.5%. (4) Calculate the content of various raw materials in the ratio of concentrated feed: cake: 8.5% 19.5% X100% = 43.6%; rapeseed cake: 10% 19.5% X100% = 51.3%; bone meal: 0.3% 19.5% X 100% = 1.5%; shell powder: 0.2% 19.5% X100% = 1.0%; various additives: 0.5% 19.5% X100% = 2.6%. (5) 43.6% of concentrated feed formula bean cake, 51.3% of rapeseed cake, 1.5% of bone meal, 1.0% of shell powder, and 2.6% of various additives. Its nutritional level was: digestive energy 11.89MJ.kg, crude protein 37.42%, calcium 1.39%, phosphorus 0.96%, lysine 1.7%, methionine and cystine 1.1%. According to the above proportions, a concentrated feed containing 37.42% of crude protein can be prepared, and when used, 80.5% of energy feed can be added to produce a compound feed containing 14.1% of crude protein. This is a simple and easy-to-master formula design for concentrated feed formulations. Other livestock and poultry concentrate feeds can also be designed and formulated using this method. 2. The choice of high-quality concentrated feed At present, there are many manufacturers of concentrated feed, and there are many varieties, and the quality of the products is very different, and some are even inferior products. Therefore, when purchasing concentrated feeds, be sure to choose quality products. So, how can we choose high-quality concentrated feed? According to the national requirements for the supervision and management of feed product quality, where qualified concentrated feed, 1 must have a product label, the label content should include the product name, feeding object, product registration number or Approval number, main feed ingredients category, nutrient composition analysis guaranteed value (usually require more than 30% protein content, moisture content less than 13%, but also guaranteed value of crude fiber, crude ash, calcium, phosphorus, salt), usage and Consumption, net quality, production date, plant name and site. 2 There should be a product specification, including recommended feeding methods, estimated feeding effects, preservation methods, and precautions. 3 must have product certification, and stamped with inspection staff seal, marked the date of inspection. 4 must have a registered trademark, and should be marked on the product label, instructions or packaging. As long as you master these basic knowledge, you can buy qualified concentrated feed products. In addition, don't buy too much in order to maintain freshness and palatability. 3. Proper use of concentrated feeds (1) Concentrated feeds cannot be directly fed with nutrient-rich nutrition. When combined with a certain percentage of energy feeds, they can become full-fledged nutrient-balanced feeds that can meet the needs of livestock and poultry for various nutrients. No other additives are needed. However, due to the fact that the crude protein content in concentrated feeds is generally above 30%, and the minerals and vitamins are also more than 2 times higher than the requirements of livestock, they can be fed directly and they must be matched with energy feeds in a certain proportion. Can be fed, so as to really play the role of concentrated feed, otherwise it will have adverse consequences. (2) The proportion of concentrated feed and energy feed must be suitable for the ratio of suitable concentrated feed and the energy feed raw materials produced by farmers to achieve the nutritional balance of the feed. Usually in the concentrated feed product specification, it is recommended to have a proportion with the common energy feed ingredients, which can be used as reference. (3) Concentrated feeds and energy feeds should be mixed uniformly. The concentrated feeds and energy feeds should be fully stirred. Usually raw or dry raw materials are used to feed wet or raw dry powders. Do not feed the thinners, and do not cook them. When feeding concentrated feeds, sufficient clean drinking water should be provided for the digestion and absorption of livestock.
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