Maize rough dwarf disease is an important disease in the maize production area in northern China. Occurrences have occurred in recent years, resulting in varying degrees of production cuts. Maize seedling stage is a sensitive period of corn rough dwarf disease, so it is necessary to prevent rough dwarf disease early in the seedling stage.
Corn can be infected in the whole growth period, with the most serious disease at seedling stage, the dwarf diseased plant obviously, the height of the diseased plant is less than half of the healthy plant, the leaf color is dark green, short and hard, showing the opposite shape. Wax white protrusions appear on the surface and the roughness is noticeable. The diseased plants have more tillers and the roots are underdeveloped and easy to pull out. Most of them fail to produce heading and fruit. Although some tassels can be extracted, they have very few branches and no pollen.
Comprehensive prevention and control methods for corn rough dwarfs: In prevention and control, we must adhere to an integrated prevention and treatment policy based on agricultural control and supplemented by chemical control. Its core is to control the source of poisons, reduce the source of insects, and avoid hazards.
Strengthen monitoring and forecasting. In disease-prone areas, we will focus on spotting and regularly investigating the disease rate and severity of wheat, field weeds, and corn rough dwarf diseases. We will also investigate the occurrence density and the rate of poisoning of SBPH. The timely and accurate prediction of the occurrence trend of corn rough dwarf disease will be conducted to guide the prevention and control of the field.
Use resistant varieties. Although there are certain disease resistance in the main cultivars currently used in maize production, there is a lack of good cultivars with strong disease resistance, and the degree of susceptibility between the cultivars still differs. Therefore, according to local conditions, select relatively resistant varieties, at the same time pay attention to a reasonable layout, to avoid the large-scale planting of a single resistance source varieties.
Adjust the sowing date. According to the law of the occurrence of maize rough dwarf disease, in the disease recurrence area, the sowing date should be adjusted so that the corn can avoid the occurrence period of the adult Spodoptera sinensis during the most sensitive period of the disease and reduce the incidence rate.
Clear weeds. Weeds on the ground and in the fields are not only the provenance of weeds in the farmland in the coming year, but also the winter and summer hosts of the poisonous mediator Laodelphax striatellus. Before and after maize sowing, chemical weeds are used to remove large areas of weeds in fields and fields to reduce the source of poisons.
Strengthen field management. Rational fertilization and watering, strengthening of field management, promotion of corn growth, shortening the seedling time, enhancing the resistance of corn to disease resistance, and reducing opportunities for drug transmission. In combination with Dingmiao, the diseased plants in the field were removed, concentrated or burned, and the source of invasive dwarfing disease was reduced.
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