Passion fruit is native to Brazil and belongs to tropical and subtropical fruit trees. Passion fruit is widely adaptable, crude and easy to grow, cold and heat resistant, very few pests, when planted that year, harvested. Passiflora plants have shallow roots and well developed horizontal roots. They require loose, moist, aerated, and water-free water. Most of Guangdong can be grown. Baiguoxiang is a perennial vine fruit tree that grows vigorously with round stems that are woody after several years. The fruit is spherical or ovate. The skin is purple or yellow when ripe, and the flesh is white. It contains aromatic sap. It can be freshly processed and processed into fruit juice, fruit dew, jam, jellies and lozenges. Currently, it is used to process fruit juice or food. Mainly. Passion fruit juice has a special flavor, suitable for sweet and sour, bright color, rich in vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C and protein, known as "the king of fruit juice." The cultivation techniques are described below.
First, the planting of passion fruit can be planted throughout the year, but it is more suitable from March to May and from September to November. Generally, the economical cultivation period of passion fruit is 4 to 5 years. After harvesting in the 5th year, the old strains can be removed and completely updated.
1. Planting specifications: Passion fruit is a vine fruit tree, which is suitable for planting with a spacing of 3 meters and a spacing of 3 to 4 meters. Slope planting spacing should be slightly wider, not too dense.
2. Planting method: Dig a planting hole 60 cm wide and 60 cm deep. Apply the mixed compost to the soil. Lightly put the seedlings in the center of the planting hole and then fill in the soil. After survival, axillary buds should be removed, leaving only the main bud. Immediately after planting, pillars need to be erected to guide the main vine climbing.
Second, the erection of scaffolding Passion fruit must be set during the cultivation of scaffolding for management and harvesting. Common A-shaped scaffolds are used to establish an A-shaped iron frame every 5 to 6 meters. At the top, a wire of No. 8 is pulled, and two wires of two No. 8 are pulled on both sides to spread the hanging vines. Keep the interior of the scaffolds ventilated to avoid the occurrence of immune diseases. You can also take cross, horizontal, horizontal three-line scaffolding.
Third, the pruning After the pruning of passion fruit is planted, when the main vine climbing to the scaffold wire, leaving two lateral buds, the growth of the two sides, to 2 meters long when the top of the lateral branches cut off, in order to promote the occurrence of the base of lateral buds. Passion fruit avoid heavy cutting, no need to cut every year, if excessive trimming, easily lead to the main vine gradually withered, in serious cases the whole plant withered. In summer, the densely growing shoots must be cut and cut off 20 to 30 centimeters from the ground in order to maintain a good ventilation. In winter, all hanging vines should be cut off from the 2 meters sub-line by about 5 centimeters, and the old vines on the scaffold should be cut off. With dry branches, the dendrites are maintained in an appropriate space so as not to overlap excessively closely, so as to promote the main branches or branches to regenerate the resulting mother branches and resultant branches.
Fourth, rational fertilization mainly organic fertilizer, do not apply partial nitrogen fertilizer, combined with chemical fertilizer application N: P: K is 2:1: 4, that is 0.25 kg of ammonium sulfate per unit per year, 0.125 kg of superphosphate, potassium chloride 0.5 Kilograms were fertilized three times after sprouting, fruit development, and fruit picking.
V. Moisture management Passion fruit is more tolerant to drought, but it still needs irrigation when it is dry in winter. If the soil is too dry, it will affect the growth of vines and fruit development. In severe cases, the branches will wither, the fruit will stop growing, and fruit drop will occur. In the rainy season, attention must be paid to orchard drainage. In planting passion fruit on flat ground, ditches should be excavated around the daytime and in the orchard.
6. Artificially-assisted pollination Passen fruit blossoms at around 11am every day and artificial pollination should be completed before 4pm to increase the seed-setting rate. There are two methods for artificial pollination: (1) using a brush to evenly apply the pollen to the 3 stigmas of the pistil; (2) collecting the pollen sac with tweezers into a clean cup, adding water to dissolve the pollen in water, and then using a sprayer. Pollen sprayed onto the pistil stigma.
Seven, harvesting and processing Passion fruit will naturally fall into place after ripening, it should be picked up in time, it is best to pick up the fruit within 3 days of landing, otherwise the fruit is exposed to the sun and rain, easily rot. With passion fruit as raw material, can be processed into juice, fruit, jam, jelly and other products.
First, the planting of passion fruit can be planted throughout the year, but it is more suitable from March to May and from September to November. Generally, the economical cultivation period of passion fruit is 4 to 5 years. After harvesting in the 5th year, the old strains can be removed and completely updated.
1. Planting specifications: Passion fruit is a vine fruit tree, which is suitable for planting with a spacing of 3 meters and a spacing of 3 to 4 meters. Slope planting spacing should be slightly wider, not too dense.
2. Planting method: Dig a planting hole 60 cm wide and 60 cm deep. Apply the mixed compost to the soil. Lightly put the seedlings in the center of the planting hole and then fill in the soil. After survival, axillary buds should be removed, leaving only the main bud. Immediately after planting, pillars need to be erected to guide the main vine climbing.
Second, the erection of scaffolding Passion fruit must be set during the cultivation of scaffolding for management and harvesting. Common A-shaped scaffolds are used to establish an A-shaped iron frame every 5 to 6 meters. At the top, a wire of No. 8 is pulled, and two wires of two No. 8 are pulled on both sides to spread the hanging vines. Keep the interior of the scaffolds ventilated to avoid the occurrence of immune diseases. You can also take cross, horizontal, horizontal three-line scaffolding.
Third, the pruning After the pruning of passion fruit is planted, when the main vine climbing to the scaffold wire, leaving two lateral buds, the growth of the two sides, to 2 meters long when the top of the lateral branches cut off, in order to promote the occurrence of the base of lateral buds. Passion fruit avoid heavy cutting, no need to cut every year, if excessive trimming, easily lead to the main vine gradually withered, in serious cases the whole plant withered. In summer, the densely growing shoots must be cut and cut off 20 to 30 centimeters from the ground in order to maintain a good ventilation. In winter, all hanging vines should be cut off from the 2 meters sub-line by about 5 centimeters, and the old vines on the scaffold should be cut off. With dry branches, the dendrites are maintained in an appropriate space so as not to overlap excessively closely, so as to promote the main branches or branches to regenerate the resulting mother branches and resultant branches.
Fourth, rational fertilization mainly organic fertilizer, do not apply partial nitrogen fertilizer, combined with chemical fertilizer application N: P: K is 2:1: 4, that is 0.25 kg of ammonium sulfate per unit per year, 0.125 kg of superphosphate, potassium chloride 0.5 Kilograms were fertilized three times after sprouting, fruit development, and fruit picking.
V. Moisture management Passion fruit is more tolerant to drought, but it still needs irrigation when it is dry in winter. If the soil is too dry, it will affect the growth of vines and fruit development. In severe cases, the branches will wither, the fruit will stop growing, and fruit drop will occur. In the rainy season, attention must be paid to orchard drainage. In planting passion fruit on flat ground, ditches should be excavated around the daytime and in the orchard.
6. Artificially-assisted pollination Passen fruit blossoms at around 11am every day and artificial pollination should be completed before 4pm to increase the seed-setting rate. There are two methods for artificial pollination: (1) using a brush to evenly apply the pollen to the 3 stigmas of the pistil; (2) collecting the pollen sac with tweezers into a clean cup, adding water to dissolve the pollen in water, and then using a sprayer. Pollen sprayed onto the pistil stigma.
Seven, harvesting and processing Passion fruit will naturally fall into place after ripening, it should be picked up in time, it is best to pick up the fruit within 3 days of landing, otherwise the fruit is exposed to the sun and rain, easily rot. With passion fruit as raw material, can be processed into juice, fruit, jam, jelly and other products.
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