Xinya No.8, Jade Red Tomato is a half-hearted type, fruit flavor is similar to that of the Virgin, and it is resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease and has high heat resistance, and the quality is not inferior to the cherry tomatoes, the cultivation of small tomatoes The management method takes Xinya No. 8 as an example. The details are as follows:
The characteristics of the new product, the "Jioon", is the natural fruit rate of the jade on the 8th, which can reach 40-64 per cent in summer, which is higher than other products. With auxin, the fruiting rate can reach 85-95/. The fruit shape is elliptical and bullet-shaped, weighing about 10 grams. This product is resistant to wilt disease, resistant to tomato yellow leaf song virus disease, and does not crack fruit, half stop growing type, every 1-2 seasons inflorescences, high 150-240 cm, so you can not stand pillars or use foreign The melon tunnel shed is cultivated as a scaffolding. In the autumn and winter, the planting growth is more prosperous than the use of tomato scaffolding. In general, the spring cultivation is best planted in 3-4 months, the summer cultivation and planting period is 5-8 months, and the autumn and winter planting period is 10- December.
The two cultivation methods are mainly divided into the cultivation of open earthworms and the cultivation of rain troughs. The open cultivation varies according to the season. In the autumn and winter, open fields can be used for cultivation. In the spring and summer, the rain canopies can be cultivated using the ramps. As the shelving is cultivated with sufficient sunshine and convenient harvest, it is the main producer of high-quality small fruit and tomatoes. At present, some of the morning people use a simple Bunding clock planted in summer, small fruit and tomatoes, relatively unfettered by wind and rain, and to ensure summer production and quality.
Three cultivation management techniques
1 Nursery:
Small fruit tomato seed larger fruit tomato, seed stalk grain weight 1.4-1. 8 grams. At present, the use of empty-disk seedlings has been generally adopted. Summer cultivation is recommended to use 70-gauge empty trays. The main reason is that summer cultivation is greatly influenced by nitrogen, and the empty trays have better fertility, and autumn and winter cultivation uses 120 empty trays and can be extended. During the planting period, avoiding the dilemma of statutory planting on rainy days, the disturbed seedlings have a decisive influence on the early yield, because during the nursery period, the inflorescence differentiation of the first to third inflorescences has begun, such as seedlings suffering disease disorders, both Affects its development. At present, the focus of nursery is prevention and cure of tomato leaf disease. During the nursery period, 60 mesh white nylon is used to isolate the silver leaf powder from the wind and invasion to eradicate the disease. The seedling grows to two leaves and four leaves. Two days before transplanting, it should be fertilized and the appropriate party planting seedlings should be about four leaves.
2 colonization:
Small fruit and tomatoes depend on their planting time, planting area, and different methods of planting and pruning. Planting density is not the same. Spring and autumn are used for prolonged growth. Drying distance can be relatively wide, generally from 75 cm to 150 cm, and from 60 cm to summer. The line spacing is 75 cm to 120 cm. The pruning method also affects the planting density, and four-bars pruning is suitable for about 60 cm. The cultivation of open-season paving is conducted at a row spacing of 150 cm and a distance of 60-75 cm. If a rain shed is used for rain-proof cultivation, the row spacing is 240 cm and the distance is 75 cm.
3 Pruning methods:
The whole way of the small fruit and tomato is based on the double pole pruning four poles pruning. The double branch pruning leaves only the first branch of the first inflorescence as the main double rod, while the rest of the lateral branches are completely removed. This pruning method is suitable for the non-stop species with smaller Guobao and strong growth potential, Xinya No.8, Jade red uses a four-piece pruning method. In addition to the original main pole and the first branch being the main double pole, it stays close to the strong side of the two people on the ground to form the third and fourth main poles. Each of the two to three inflorescences of each main stem must exclude lateral buds in order to prevent excessive luxuriant foliage, and the third inflorescence can then be left to cultivate. The cultivation of the mulberry mantle can remove the lateral buds in the early stage of fertility, leave 6-8 vines, and then cultivate.
4, water and fertilizer management:
Tomatoes are deep-rooted crops in the Solanaceae crop. The roots can be as deep as 120-150 cm, while the eggplant and sweet pepper roots are only about 120 cm. The ideal soil is the deep, well-drained sandy loam, tomato Avoid continuous cropping, and suitable for rice, beans, corn and other round planting, especially the occurrence of tomato bacterial wilt and acidic acidic land, more need special attention.
The cultivation of long-term fruit and vegetables requires a large amount of organic fertilizer. The recommended amount of compost for Taiwan's pruning and cultivation is 2,000 kg, while the amount of compost used for indiscriminate cultivation is 1000 kg. The difference is that the harvesting period for pruning cultivation is longer and basically the base fertilizer is used. Organic fertilizer should be applied at least 300 kg per 0.1 hectare, and bitter earth lime and borax can be used for spreading during site preparation.
The use of topdressing is quite important. The accumulation of dry matter within a week after the tomato setting is rather slow, so the first topdressing is generally applied 20-30 days after the fixed value. The top dressing is mainly composed of composite materials, with irrigation, before fertilization. One day of irrigation, in order to facilitate the fertilization after the fertilizer is easy to dissolve and absorb, and the amount of application can be less, then the top dressing is kept quantitative, once every three weeks.
Tomato is extremely sensitive to the reaction of boron deficiency and calcium deficiency. Boron is a trace element. Too much use can cause poisonous effect. At present, it is recommended to apply 1 kg of borax per 0.1 hectare as the base fertilizer. The absorption of calcium fertilizers is affected by the roots and other nutrient elements. Excessive nitrogen fertilizers can cause calcium-deprived fruit rot. Another tomato plant soaked in water for more than 24 hours, root injury will also affect the absorption of calcium fertilizer. If the fruit develops a calcium-deficient or boron-deficient condition during the cultivation period, it may be supplemented by foliar fertilization using a 0.5% calcium chloride or borax solution.
5. Rain-proof cultivation: The main limiting factor for the production of small-fruited tomatoes in summer is rain, sudden heavy rain, which can cause fruit cracking and loss of commodity value, so the simple net room will be gradually used as the production method of summer small-fruited tomatoes. . Net-growing cultivars naturally take the Xinya No.8, which is a half-hearted type. The main advantage of the net room cultivation is that the fruit can be harvested and marketed after it is fully reddish. The sugar content of the fruit is naturally 1-2 degrees higher than that of the open field cultivation. As the summer net indoor cultivation easier to produce high temperature barriers.
6. Fruitful processing:
The fruiting rate of tomatoes exceeds 21 at night temperature. C will be significantly lower than the above, the heat resistance of tomato than in the summer cultivation of May-September when the night temperature often exceeds 24. C, the daily temperature is higher than 32. C, the fruit rate is low, such as women only 10% of the fruit, and the New Asia eighth only 40%. At present, summer cultivation can be diluted with tomato more than 50 to 100 times, or a good result 1000 times diluted, promoting the results. Pay attention to the temperature during the application period, the higher the temperature, you must reduce the use of concentration. During the application period, if an inflorescence has 2-3 small flowers in full bloom, the inflorescence will be sprayed once to avoid spraying to the top buds, resulting in atrophy of the top buds and narrowing of the foliage, and the leptozoon infections are similar to those of the infective hull mosaic virus. If the concentration is too high, it will easily cause empty fruit. At this time, auxin can be used to make 5-1ppm. If you use the commercially available 2% solution, it is 2000-4000 times.
7. Pest Control:
The main diseases of cherry tomatoes in spring and summer are seedling blight, bacterial spot and bacterial wilt. In recent years, tomato yellow leaf curl virus has become an important disease due to the damage of silverfly. Xinya No. 8 virus resistance is one of the characteristics of its cultivation. The diseases and pests of various diseases and prevention methods are as follows:
-to be continued-
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