Application of biological pesticides should pay attention to six "see"

As people increasingly love “green” food, biological pesticides are causing more and more people’s concerns and interests. At present, biopesticides have been widely used in field crops, vegetables, fruit trees, and flowers, but their use effects are affected by many factors. We should maximize the use of favorable factors in practical applications to overcome and avoid unfavorable factors. Improve the effectiveness of biological pesticides. First, the effect of using biopesticides is greatly affected by environmental factors. In fact, it takes a certain period of time for the biological pesticides to be sprayed from the plants to the insects to feed on or contact with the bacteria, and it takes a course from the pests to feed them to death, and it is susceptible to external influences during this period. The most influential factors are temperature, humidity, light and wind. The temperature not only acts on the spores of the biological insecticide, but also acts on the pests themselves, thereby affecting the pathogenicity and toxicity of the pathogenic microorganisms; the humidity has a direct relation to the propagation and spread of the bio-insecticide spores, high humidity, and microbial spore reproduction. Fast proliferation, easy to infect and kill pests; ultraviolet light in the sun has a lethal effect on spores, so it should try to avoid strong light when it is applied, such as the use of better effect after 4 pm, the drift of powder biological pesticides and Diffusion plays a crucial role. Applying powder under the breeze has the best effect. Second, look at different regions, the use of biological pesticides are not the same. Our country has a vast area and a large regional diversity. The south is wet and rainy. The northern and western regions are arid and dry. Biocides can play their biggest role only if they meet the best conditions for their lives. On the one hand, increasing the amount of water used for spraying in arid regions results in a high-humidity environment that is prone to the survival and reproduction of microbial spores; on the other hand, certain specific macromolecules and substances that increase the viscosity of the solution can be added to the preparations. Starch, animal bone glue, and ash leaching liquid can reduce the evaporation of the carrier from the sprayed deposition liquid, thereby avoiding the occurrence of rapid drying and improving the use effect. Third, pests and insect pests are the targets of biological pesticides. For different types and characteristics of pests, the use of biological pesticides are also different. The pests have several different stages of development in their lifetime. Different development stages have different resistance to bio-insecticides, so understanding the development stage of the pests is very necessary for prevention and control. For example, cabbage caterpillar can be divided into four different stages of development: eggs, larvae, cockroaches, and moths. Eggs are protected during the egg stage and carcasses are protected during the pupal stage. Older larvae are protected by thicker waxy layers. Wings can fly, so only the application of young larvae in order to give full play to the effectiveness of biological pesticides, so as to achieve the "small governance, cure early, ruled" requirements. In addition, different types of bio-insecticides should be used according to the pest feeding characteristics. For example, BT is effective against Lepidoptera pests and spreads on the surface of plants after spraying, causing pests to feed or die, but it is harmful to sucking sap. (such as apes) is not effective, but abamectin has a very good effect on aphids. Fourth, to see machinery In practical applications, most of the spraying system efficiency is very low, usually directly from top to bottom on the crop application, resulting in a large number of pesticides are concentrated on the top of the crop leaves, other pesticides are lost in the soil, In particular, when the droplets are large, the loss is even greater. At the same time, due to the high production cost of biopesticides, the use of pharmaceutical technology should be optimized. The use of high-performance spraying machinery is also imperative. For example, spraying with a mist sprayer, the droplets ejected by the hydraulic nozzles associated with the fan-shaped air nozzles are small and uniform, so that the latent flow of spray can be reduced and smaller droplets can be ejected. The target leaf is expected to increase the effectiveness of biological pesticides and reduce costs. V. Look at the control effects of pharmaceutical bio-pesticides are often closely related to dosage forms and the use of technology. When used, the correct dosage form should be selected according to the control object, meteorological conditions, and use period to achieve the maximum control effect. For example, powders can be dispersed in a wide range with the help of air buoyancy and wind force, so that they have greater contact with pests. For pests with a large amount of leaves, such as cabbage caterpillar, it is possible to spray the wettable powder with water to form a suspension. Good, but the effect of dusting method is worse. Capsules not only have a long control effect, but also can protect pathogens from environmental factors and can be used for spreading in greenhouses. Sixth, look at the varieties in the actual use of biological pesticides, many people do not fully understand the nature of biological pesticides, mistakenly believe that biological pesticides can kill all pests, and unselected widely used, so not only can not receive should Some effects, but also delay the period of prevention and treatment. In fact, bioinsecticides are highly specific and their insecticidal spectrum is not broad. For example, Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) is effective against Lepidoptera larvae, but it does not have pathogenicity against Homoptera, and Bacillus thuringiensis Different strains have different effects on the control of several important pests. Therefore, targeted biopesticides should be targeted for different target pests. According to the characteristics of pest migration, biological pesticides should be used in combination with high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue chemical pesticides. Adding low-dose chemical pesticides to biological pesticides can reduce the resistance of pests and create the intrusion of pathogenic microorganisms. Conditions, at the same time, when pests are infested by pathogenic microorganisms, the resistance to chemical pesticides is reduced, so that the two complement each other and thus play a synergistic role. China Agricultural Network Editor

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Altitude: high altitude area light, clean air, environment close to original condition, no industrial pollution. With an average elevation of 1160-2900m, the central health center has a strong uv light, which produces the natural pollution-free apple, which conforms to the concept of a modern green diet.
Temperature: moderate temperature can avoid the chance of fruit tree encountering disease. The average temperature in ningxia is 8.4 degrees Celsius, which has an important influence on the growth, development, yield and quality of apple. The piedmont apple is thriving in such a good environment.
Humidity environment: moderate amount of rainfall provides necessary conditions for apple's growth. The annual rainfall in the central health region is 186 millimeters. The fruit is slow to grow and the fruit is hard and hard, which fully guarantees the fruit's sugar content and the relatively average size of apples.
Sunshine condition: apple is the fruit tree, the central health area of the whole year is nearly 3,800 hours, is beneficial to the Apple Fruit coloring. The piedmont apples are red and bright.
Temperature difference factors: ambassador apple nighttime respiration weak temperature gap between day and night, consume less organic matter, the accumulation of organic matter during the day more, that apple store down a large number of glucose sugar candy, etc have better taste. The average diurnal temperature difference between apple and apple is 14 degrees centigrade, and the larger diurnal temperature difference ensures the sweet and delicious characteristics of the apple.
Other factors: frost can make apple blossom and fruit, which can cause frozen flower jelly, which is bad for apple's production. The piedmont apple has been kept at least 167 days without frost for the whole year, which minimizes the influence of apple on yield and quality.

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