Fish and alfalfa polyculture are ecological farming techniques using ponds. Because their economic benefits are several times that of conventional farming, they have been widely used in places where conditions are suitable throughout the country. However, there are also some places where there are problems such as raising sickness, raising little, and failing to raise enough. The author found through investigation and analysis that this was related to several key measures in some places that did not catch fish and fish. To this end, several key measures to be taken into account in fish and polyculture are described below.
First, pay attention to the breeding pool
1. One of the keys to the rehabilitation of fish ponds and polycultures in pond slopes should be to transform the fish ponds into cultivars, especially if the pond slopes have a certain fluctuating area, and the pond slopes are required to be solid and strong. Sun back, foraging. Conditional cement board slope protection available. For some old stone slopes that are made of stone and have caves, or sand slopes that are not resistant to erosion, they cannot be cultivated if they are not converted as required. Because these dams are not only unfavorable for roosting, feeding, but also easy to hide enemy enemies and escape the stocking crickets, it will also cause great trouble for future fishing.
2. Do a good job of preventing escape facilities. It is a reptile. If conditions permit, it will escape from the breeding pond. Therefore, it is important to do a good job of preventing escape. Because the earthworms can dig holes, when the fortification escapes from the wall, attention should be paid to the combination of the ground and the underground. The escape prevention wall generally requires 30 cm to be buried underground, and not only the ground portion. In some markets, there were no deaths but there were only a few fish caught. However, there were catches in the rice fields and ditches near Dianchi Lake, indicating that the artificially cultivated storks had escaped from the pool.
3. Clear the bottom of the pond at the bottom of the pond. Not only should the mud be removed, but mud should be used. This will make it easy to catch and maintain good water quality. If the silt is very thick and the pond area is large, it will be difficult to catch a large number of fish when they need to be sold. The silt is very thick and the bottom of the pool is uneven. It is also prone to anoxic pans, which directly affects the healthy culture of fish and alfalfa, and severely results in death and production loss.
Second, the development of a reasonable stocking density Fish, alfalfa polyculture stocking density should be based on the rational design of the pond's soil structure. For pure mud ponds, it is generally good to put 1 per 1.2 square meters; if it is 50% of sand and soil, 1 per square meter is appropriate; if sand and soil are combined, the composition of sand is more than 50%. , it can raise 1.5 to 2 per square meter. This is because when the grasshopper crawls at the bottom of the pond, the pure mud bottoms can easily turn up the sediment, and the density of the earthworms is too high, which can easily cause damage to the water quality and induce diseases. On the contrary, the bottom of the sand combined with soil is not easy to turn over the sand and soil. Even if it is turned up, the precipitation is faster, so you can put more. In addition, when adopting normal fish culture, when raising a breeding model that does not raise fish, if it is a pure mud bottom, it is appropriate to use no more than 100 per acre; if sand and soil are combined It is advisable not to exceed 200 per acre.
Third, pay attention to the species of stocking specifications As fish, alfalfa polyculture is open-air culture, the growth rate is subject to climate conditions, so in determining the stocking specifications, should be based on the required sales specifications and culture cycle to determine. If you want to develop a 750g or so specification for two years, the specifications for stocking and breeding should be 200g to 250g. If you want to develop 500g or more of specifications, you should stock up to 300g. In some places, fish, oysters (beads), and oysters are used for polyculture. Because cubs need to be kept for 3 years to harvest pearls, oysters must also be kept for 3 years. In this case, 150 gram or so can be stocked.
Fourth, pay attention to the safety of winter, such as fish, fish and polyculture mixed with cross-year farming, it should be safe winter management work. In some places, it is usually very well maintained, but due to lack of attention to wintering management, fish and cockroaches have died severely during the winter and caused great economic losses. The key measures for safe wintering are as follows: First, some of the larger-sized fish should be properly caught in the fall to reduce the wintering densities of ponds; secondly, new water should be replaced every 15 days to 20 days, and the water volume should be 1/1 of the original pool water. 4 ~ 1/2; Third, when the transparency exceeds 35 cm, urea fertilizer should be properly used to make the water light green.
First, pay attention to the breeding pool
1. One of the keys to the rehabilitation of fish ponds and polycultures in pond slopes should be to transform the fish ponds into cultivars, especially if the pond slopes have a certain fluctuating area, and the pond slopes are required to be solid and strong. Sun back, foraging. Conditional cement board slope protection available. For some old stone slopes that are made of stone and have caves, or sand slopes that are not resistant to erosion, they cannot be cultivated if they are not converted as required. Because these dams are not only unfavorable for roosting, feeding, but also easy to hide enemy enemies and escape the stocking crickets, it will also cause great trouble for future fishing.
2. Do a good job of preventing escape facilities. It is a reptile. If conditions permit, it will escape from the breeding pond. Therefore, it is important to do a good job of preventing escape. Because the earthworms can dig holes, when the fortification escapes from the wall, attention should be paid to the combination of the ground and the underground. The escape prevention wall generally requires 30 cm to be buried underground, and not only the ground portion. In some markets, there were no deaths but there were only a few fish caught. However, there were catches in the rice fields and ditches near Dianchi Lake, indicating that the artificially cultivated storks had escaped from the pool.
3. Clear the bottom of the pond at the bottom of the pond. Not only should the mud be removed, but mud should be used. This will make it easy to catch and maintain good water quality. If the silt is very thick and the pond area is large, it will be difficult to catch a large number of fish when they need to be sold. The silt is very thick and the bottom of the pool is uneven. It is also prone to anoxic pans, which directly affects the healthy culture of fish and alfalfa, and severely results in death and production loss.
Second, the development of a reasonable stocking density Fish, alfalfa polyculture stocking density should be based on the rational design of the pond's soil structure. For pure mud ponds, it is generally good to put 1 per 1.2 square meters; if it is 50% of sand and soil, 1 per square meter is appropriate; if sand and soil are combined, the composition of sand is more than 50%. , it can raise 1.5 to 2 per square meter. This is because when the grasshopper crawls at the bottom of the pond, the pure mud bottoms can easily turn up the sediment, and the density of the earthworms is too high, which can easily cause damage to the water quality and induce diseases. On the contrary, the bottom of the sand combined with soil is not easy to turn over the sand and soil. Even if it is turned up, the precipitation is faster, so you can put more. In addition, when adopting normal fish culture, when raising a breeding model that does not raise fish, if it is a pure mud bottom, it is appropriate to use no more than 100 per acre; if sand and soil are combined It is advisable not to exceed 200 per acre.
Third, pay attention to the species of stocking specifications As fish, alfalfa polyculture is open-air culture, the growth rate is subject to climate conditions, so in determining the stocking specifications, should be based on the required sales specifications and culture cycle to determine. If you want to develop a 750g or so specification for two years, the specifications for stocking and breeding should be 200g to 250g. If you want to develop 500g or more of specifications, you should stock up to 300g. In some places, fish, oysters (beads), and oysters are used for polyculture. Because cubs need to be kept for 3 years to harvest pearls, oysters must also be kept for 3 years. In this case, 150 gram or so can be stocked.
Fourth, pay attention to the safety of winter, such as fish, fish and polyculture mixed with cross-year farming, it should be safe winter management work. In some places, it is usually very well maintained, but due to lack of attention to wintering management, fish and cockroaches have died severely during the winter and caused great economic losses. The key measures for safe wintering are as follows: First, some of the larger-sized fish should be properly caught in the fall to reduce the wintering densities of ponds; secondly, new water should be replaced every 15 days to 20 days, and the water volume should be 1/1 of the original pool water. 4 ~ 1/2; Third, when the transparency exceeds 35 cm, urea fertilizer should be properly used to make the water light green.
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