Spring is the initial stage of germination of various pests and weeds. In this period, the base number of pests is small and it is easy to control. To do a good job in the prevention and control of various pests and weeds in spring fruit trees can greatly reduce the risk of summer and autumn prevention and control, and lay a solid foundation for fruit production in the year. The key is the medication link. The correct use of drugs can often have a multiplier effect of prevention and control. This edition introduces today a set of key technical measures for the use of orchards in spring. Purchasing of pesticides Before purchasing pesticides, it is necessary to clarify the target of prevention and treatment and to treat the disease. When purchasing pesticides, pay attention to the following points to avoid buying fake drugs and causing losses. The first is that the purchased pesticides must have four certificates: a pesticide registration certificate, a production license, a pesticide standard number, and a product certification. For those who fail to complete the four certificates, they must prevent "counterfeiting." The second is to pay attention to the effective period of pesticide use. Generally, the water pesticide is valid for one year, powder for two years, and emulsifiable oil for three years. You can look specifically at the production date and expiration date on the trademark. The third is to look at pesticides, packaging should be complete without damage or spillage, powder pesticides without agglomeration, emulsion pesticides without stratification, water pesticides without precipitation, particle pesticides meet standards, particle size uniformity. Fourth, it is best to use pesticides that are both palliative (multi-effect) to achieve a multi-drug effect. Placement of pesticides: Pesticides are toxic to humans, livestock and poultry and must be stored separately and separated from food, humans and animals, and clothing. It is advisable to have a separate pesticide storage room and storage tank to avoid accidental feeding or chronic poisoning. . Proper mixing of appropriate pesticides can improve efficacy, treat several pests and diseases, reduce the amount of drugs used, reduce costs, and sometimes can improve efficacy, reduce toxicity, reduce the resistance of pathogenic pests to pesticides, or prevent and treat diseases that have already developed resistance. insect. Some of the pesticides are mixed in advance by the factory into a mixture, diluted with water before use. Liquid dosage forms such as emulsifiable concentrates and wettable powders can be blended and used. Mixed use of pesticides should have a clear purpose, and the principles to be followed include: 1 The cost is reasonable, and it does not affect the chemical stability of the active ingredient and does not destroy the physical properties of the pesticide. 2 The toxicity does not increase after mixed use, and the toxicity and residue are not higher than those of single use. 3 The drug efficacy is reasonable, one must also treat different diseases and pests; second, there must be synergies, and actively promote the use of pesticide synergists, such as multi-functional plant synergists; Third, pay attention to the cooperation of different modes of action. 4 Most of the mixed pesticides should be used along with the allocation. For new mixed formulations, they need to be tested before use. Pay attention to the following situations: Pesticides are prohibited to be used in combination: (1) Pesticides that can easily decompose alkaline substances, reduce their efficacy, and even fail, cannot be mixed with alkaline pesticides. For example, phoxim, pyrethroids, etc. cannot be used together with stone sulfur. Mixed agents such as mixture and Bordeaux mixture are used. 2 The mixture of pesticides that have a destructive effect on the emulsion cannot be mixed. 3 Organic sulfur and organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with pesticides containing copper preparations. 4 Microbial source insecticides and systemic organophosphate insecticides cannot be mixed with fungicides. Safety Interval Safety Interval refers to the period from the last Application to grazing, harvesting (harvesting), use, and consumption of crops, from the time required after spraying to the maximum allowable residue remaining. In the orchard, the last spraying and harvesting must be greater than the safety interval to prevent human and animal poisoning. The safety interval of commonly used pesticides in orchards is: 40% Dimethoate EC 7 days; 50% CASSOL EC 15 days; 20% diclofenac EC for 45 days; 10% PDE for 3 days; 75% chlorothalonil Wettable powder for 20 days; 2.5% for killing EC for 5 days; 20% for extinguishing and killing EO for 14 days; 50% Bromoxime EC for 21 days; 50% acetaminophen for 7 days; 2.5% DBP Wettable powder for 14 days; 25% Chlorothrin EC for 21 days; 25% Diflubenzuron WP for 14 days; 5% Lefluulin EC for 14 days; 20% chlorinated EC for 30 days; 73% Creutz Emulsion 30 days. China Agricultural Network Editor
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