The yield of strawberry under conventional open cultivation is low, the market is late, the supply period is short, and the benefit is not high. The use of black film covering and small arch shed cultivation, low input, high output, fruit picking period can be from December of that year to June of the following year, more than 4 months ahead of open cultivation, and delayed for nearly 1 month, Production can reach 1,500 to 2,000 kilograms, 1.5 to 2 times more than open field cultivation. Its cultivation techniques are as follows:
First, choose the site to do the picking should choose strong water retention, loose and fertile soil, summer slightly shaded flat or gentle slope planting. It is generally best to interplant strawberries in young fruit orchards, both to make full use of land and space, and to have no influence on each other. Plant a deep plow 20 to 35 centimeters before planting, compost compost or manure 1500 to 2000 kilograms per mu, cakes 40 to 50 kilograms, 35 to 40 kilograms of superphosphate, 125 to 150 kilograms of plant ash as base fertilizer, mix well with soil Leveling do. Generally, it is 1.2 to 1.3 meters wide, and 35 to 40 centimeters wide aisles and gutters.
Second, timely planting trees planting time is appropriate in the first half of September, a reasonable choice of early, middle and late maturing varieties with planting, spacing 20 to 25 cm, 25 to 30 cm in diameter, two per hole. In order to reduce the leaf surface evaporation, excessive leaves must be cut before planting, leaving only two or three leaflets per plant. The depth of planting seedlings should be based on the actual situation of “not rooting and not burying the roots.†It is advisable to pour roots and dilute waste water immediately after planting. Water should be properly watered every day for 5 days to keep the ground moist. About 15 days after planting, new leaves can be grown, and weeding should be promptly done. Each mus of 6 to 8 kg of urea is used to add 2500 to 3000 kg of livestock and manure water. 5 to 7 days, top dressing 1 time, with urea 10 to 12.5 kilograms plus 3,500 to 4,000 kilograms of manure water, top dressing and then spreading of plant ash and even 100 kilograms.
Third, the film cover film cover film in late October during the day when the temperature is lower than 20 °C when appropriate. The black film is laid flat on the seedlings, the opening is exposed, and the incision is sealed with fine soil. The soil around the film is compacted with soil. When the temperature is below 17°C, buckle sheds are usually suitable for the end of October and beginning of November at the end of October. A bamboo frame with a length of about 2 meters can be used to form a bow frame, and a 2-meter-wide plastic film is covered in a small arch. After the shed, the temperature and humidity in the shed can be adjusted by removing the film and covering the film. 25°C is suitable for daytime sheds and does not exceed 30°C. When the temperature in the booth reaches 25°C, the film should be removed. The best nighttime is not less than 5°C. When it's cold in the winter, cover straw insulation at night. When the average temperature in the spring of the next year is stable above 10°C, the film is gradually removed. Under the premise of maintaining the normal growth of grass, the less the number of watering the better, and pay attention to the timely release of moisture after watering. During the fruit growing period, 75 to 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 150 to 200 grams of urea, and 50 to 75 kilograms of water per acre are sprayed on the leaves, every 15 days or so, for 4 to 5 consecutive times. Increasing the yield can increase the sweetness of the fruit.
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