Eggplant is a Solanaceae vegetable, native to the tropical East India region, has a long history of cultivation in our country.
First, the cultivation period
In winter greenhouses, it has only a few years of history to cultivate winter and spring quail eggplants. The experience is not very mature. From the practice in Anshan, Liaoning Province, it is known that seedlings will be planted in early September, planted in late October, and harvested before and after New Year's Day.
Second, nursery technology
1. Choose a good variety
At present, there are no special varieties for greenhouse use in China, and only varieties with small opening degree, early maturity and fast fruit development can be selected from the planting varieties in open fields. Such as Xi'an, green eggplant, seven-leaf green eggplant, purple long eggplant, according to the specific circumstances of each country to choose the right variety.
2. Cultivate strong seedlings
For early maturing and high yield, eggplant seedlings need to grow 9-10 pieces of compound leaves, and they can be planted when buds are present. The nursery time is 90-100 days.
3. Seed processing
Eggplant seed coat thicker, best hot water sterilization method. With hot water 50-55 °C for 10-15 minutes, remove and wash with cold water, and then soaked in warm water at about 25 °C for 24 hours. You can also use powder dressing or medicine soaking disinfection. The fully saturated seeds are wrapped in a wet towel and germinated at a temperature of 30-35°C. Every day, wash with clean water and wash off the substances that inhibit germination on the seed coat. Usually 4-5 days to germinate.
4. sowing
The seedbed soil consists of 4 parts of Daejeon soil or onions and garlic, 4 parts of ash or mature manure, 1 part of decomposed manure, and 1 part of fine sand. 1 cubic meter of bed soil plus superphosphate 0.5-1.0 kg, fully mix and sieve. Soil bed soil disinfection is also required. General sowing in mid-September. Before sowing, the bed soil is tiled with 10 cm, soaked in the bottom water, soaked after the water infiltration, 20 grams of 1 square meter seedbed. Need 30-35 grams of seed per acre seedlings bred, so need to seedbed 2-2.5 square meters. After sowing, cover the soil 1 cm and then cover with a film, and make the seedbed temperature reach 20-25 °C.
5. Seedling management
After 70% of the seed in the seedbed emerged, the plastic film covering the bed soil was removed. Always spray water to keep the soil moist. During this period, we must pay attention to the prevention and control of underground pests, the method is to use 80% of dichlorvos EC, plus 1200-1500 times diluted in water after pouring on the seedbed. When there are two true leaves in the seedlings, separate seedlings are to be prepared, and the seedlings for the seedlings shall be prepared, and the seedlings shall be transplanted at a spacing of 8 cm and 8 cm. After the relocation, it should be irrigated, and keep the high temperature to promote the slow seedlings. 28-30 °C during the day, about 20 °C at night, 2-3 days can be slow seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 9-10 true leaves, 7-10 days before planting, cutting and drying are started.
The seedlings are cultivated at low temperature by irrigating the seedbeds and then cutting the seedbed soil into pods to gradually increase the amount of air release. Remove grasshoppers at night and properly control temperature and moisture before planting. The standard of eggplant seedlings is: 50-60 days of seedling age, plant dwarfing, upright and straight, door buds budding, dark green leaves, complete roots. An insect pest control was also conducted before planting, and sprayed with 40% dimethoate 1200-1500 times or deltamethrin 5000 times.
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