Main measures to increase the reproductive rate of dairy cows

Reproductive technology plays a pivotal role in the management of dairy cows. How to improve the reproductive rate of dairy cows is described as follows:

1 Nutrition and reproduction

In feeding and management, undernutrition and excess can cause reproductive diseases. In prenatal and postnatal management, the lack of protein and energy can delay uterine involution and secondary uterine inflammation, which can result in incomplete ovarian function. Vitamin A, E deficiency, lack of trace elements, cows can not heat for a long time or estrus is not the law, no ovulation, difficulty in implantation of fertilized eggs, early embryonic death and so on. In addition to the lack of crude fiber can lead to metabolic diseases, but also can cause fetal clothing and obstetric diseases. The amount of each nutrient ingredient should be administered according to the “Baby Feeding Criterion,” and it should be added according to the needs of different types of cows at different times.

2 to strengthen the perinatal feeding management (3 weeks before delivery to 2 weeks after delivery)

Perinatal period refers to 21 days before delivery to 15 days after delivery. The perinatal period is a key control point for the productivity and return of the herd. In the perinatal period, the cow is lazy, the vulva is slack, the birth canal is in an open state, and mucus of various traits is often shed. It is highly susceptible to bacterial infection and causes inflammation of the uterus. The breeder should slowly drive the cow twice a day in the sports field. , 1 hour at a time. The perinatal dairy cowhouse must have a good sanitation environment and appropriate and orderly management methods to maintain the dairy cow's ability to have a healthy constitution and continue production. Strictly sterilize the delivery room and the hindquarters of the cattle body during childbirth, with natural delivery as the mainstay.

3 Correct observation and identification of estrus

For cattle farms, correctly identifying dairy cows for estrus and mating at the right time is one of the main means to increase the breeding rate of dairy cows on cattle farms. If the heat is not identified timely, improper inspections will result in low conception rates, which will directly affect the economic efficiency of dairy farms. Therefore, it is very important to observe the estrus of cows.

(1) Seeing action, loss of appetite, howling, and milk production decline; (2) Seeing spirit, excitement, ears erect, arrogant, chasing other estrus cows wandering around; (3) Seeing a climb, according to cow buttocks (4) Look at the genital tract for the discharge of new fluid. If the cow's pus is swollen and a small amount of thin mucus flows out, the cow is in the early stage of estrus, and the pus is obviously swollen during the estrus. The amount of more, was a clear sample of eggs, the late estrus swelling of the vulva gradually disappeared, thick yellow mucus; (5) to see the vulva pubic wall swelling, flattening.

Observe no less than four times a day for estrus. The observation time should be no less than 30min. In winter, the cows have a long time in the cowhouse. You can judge whether the cow is estrus or not by observing the mucus discharge from the cow genital tract on the cow bed.

4 timely insemination

Insemination within 3 h before ovulation, the highest rate of conception of cows. Accurate identification of estrus, and follicle examination of estrus, when the follicles like mature grapes, thin follicular wall, soft and elastic, with a certain degree of fluctuation can be inseminated. If the development of one side of the follicle is not accurate, you can take both sides of the uterine horn at the same time insemination. During the insemination process, the following points should be noted: (1) When the insemination gun advances, if it encounters resistance, the insemination gun movement should be stopped immediately; (2) The depth of the insemination gun into both uterine horns is not necessarily Consistent, but the amount of insemination in both uterine horns must be the same.

5 Establishing a System of Checking and Controlling the Breeding Dynamics of Herds

Ovary and uterus monitoring. Postnatal 15 to 20 days should be performed rectal examination to check the recovery of the ovaries and uterus, and if any abnormalities should be dealt with promptly.

Observe heat. Postpartum should observe the estrus in time to facilitate the examination of ovarian and uterus recovery. For uterine incomplete rejuvenation of cattle, uterine washing can be performed to promote the recovery of the uterus of the cow. For the post-harvest ovaries and uterine recovering cows, breeding can be performed.

Carefully record that the following records should be made for postpartum cows: (1), the time for the discharge of the placenta, complete records; (2), the discharge of lochia, the number of records; (3), whether the record of dystocia; (4), postpartum First estrus time record.

6 Doing preventive work on cow's reproductive tract diseases

Dairy cow reproductive tract diseases such as ovarian cysts, persistent corpus luteum, endometritis, and quiescence of the ovary will directly affect the conception rate of cows. Postpartum cows should first perform uterine cleansing and adopt active and effective methods for timely treatment of reproductive tract diseases. For ovarian cysts. Can take luteinizing hormone 100 ~ 2001U an intramuscular injection, continuous 5 ~ 7d; intravenous injection of dexamethasone 100mg, once every other day injection, once every 2 ~ 3 times; for subendocarditis can take antibiotics intrauterine injection, soil mold Rinse 5-10g every other day.

Prolonged corpus luteum: (1) Prostaglandin F2D 30 mg intramuscularly. (2) Estradiol 4 to 10 mg once intramuscularly. Ovarian quiescence: (1), sodium selenite vitamin E30mll intramuscular injection; estradiol 15 ~ 20mg and progesterone 100 ~ 150mg mixed once sub-injection.

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