Pleurotus ostreatus is also known as a fly, mushroom mosquito, red worm, red locust, etc., is a pest that seriously harms Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium and fruiting bodies, belongs to the arthropod Diptera, common species are Pleurotus eryngii, application Pest and Mosquitoes. The gnat mosquitoes are highly capable of reproduction. In addition to the normal sexual reproduction (ie, oviposition), larvae that are not commonly found in the fungal bed are mostly bred by the larval reproduction (also called genital reproduction). The larvae reproduce with the same birth as the larvae that are bred directly from mature larvae. This special breeding method can make the number of larvae increase exponentially in the short term without adult mating and reproduction. It is an important reason for the sudden outbreak of reproductive larvae in the fungus bed. Usually 1 mature larvae can produce 7-28 larvae. The larvae are larger than the oviparous larvae. After about 10 days growth and development, they can breed a generation of bacteria beds with a high population density of up to 4.5 million per square meter. Mosquitoes are resistant to adverse environmental conditions, are able to withstand low temperatures and high temperatures, and are not afraid of water. At 8-37°C, the water content of the bacteria bed is 70%-80%, and the larval reproduction can be continued under the condition of sufficient food. When the temperature is higher than 37°C or lower than 7°C, or the moisture content of the bacteria bed falls below 64%, larval reproduction is hindered. When the fungus bed is dry, most of the larvae die after they die. The mature larvae bounce and metastasize. Some of the larvae metamorphose into adult worms and fly again. The other part is hidden in the earth seams or discarded culture materials. In order to withstand drought and lack of food, its survival period can reach 9 months. When the environmental conditions are appropriate, it can restore the body of the worm and reproduce harm. Larvae are not resistant to high temperatures and die at 50°C.
Sharp eye mosquito control measures:
1. The breeding mode of maggots on the bed of bacteria is mainly the reproduction of larvae. In addition to controlling adult oviposition (such as obstructing adults or light trapping adults in screens), the key is to block many species of gnat mosquitoes (such as eggs). , larvae, larvae and their dormant bodies) of the initial invasion route. For 1-2d before cultivation, the indoor mushroom house and the exposed mushroom house shed must be tightly closed and fumigated. The used culture materials and earth-covering materials should be treated with high temperature or drugs, otherwise, even if no adult occurs, Larvae still appear on the bed of bacteria.
2. Before cultivation, the culture materials should be exposed for 1 d to 2 d (days). The fermentation of the culture should be thorough, and use 2.5% to 2.000 times of 2.5% deltamethrin EC, or 2 000 times of 10% cypermethrin EC. Liquid, or 1O% imidacloprid wettable powder 5000 times liquid spray mix to kill pests in the culture material.
3. To prevent the culture material moisture content is too high, after the inoculation bags of bacteria should not stack more than 3 layers, and often check flip. The shed is properly dried and the relative humidity of the air is not more than 70%. It is usually ventilated and cooled to prevent pests from breeding. Cultivating clinker is recommended. Although clinker cultivation increases the cultivation cost, the success rate is high, pests are light, and yield is high.
4. During the germination period, the mosquitoes were airtightly fumigated with formaldehyde, dilute 1:1 mixture of 10ml/cubic meter or 9g/cubic meter of aluminum phosphide;
5. Aluminium phosphide fumigation can be used in the shed to disinfest the insects. The dosage is 10 g per square meter (g), fumigation is 72 h to 96 h (hours), and then the ventilation of the doors and windows is opened for 10 h (hours) until the gas is exhausted. Can be used; also available 8O% dichlorvos EC 1500 times, or 1O% cypermethrin EC 2 000 times, or 10% imidacloprid WP 5 000 times and other insecticide spray; also available 3W black light trap.
6. Freeze-drying method to control larvae in winter with low temperature, the occurrence of fleas mosquito sticks moved to the shed outside the night or to open the film, at -5 °C, the mortality of larvae mosquitoes reached 100%; -4 °C, The mortality rate of larvae is 96.6%; at -3°C, the larval mortality rate is 91.6%, and the effect is extremely significant. Non-wintered lime powder was found in the larvae of the adult mosquitoes. No live larvae were found after 24 hours. The control effect was 100%. The reason was that lime not only had strong water absorption, but also alkaline and corrosive; the experimental results showed that: After larvae exposed to sunlight for 4 hours, the mortality rate was up to 87.2%. For the more severe bacterial rods, lime and sun exposure were used to control the disease. Regardless of the method used, we must avoid the fruiting period so as not to affect the growth of the mushroom.
Sharp eye mosquito control measures:
1. The breeding mode of maggots on the bed of bacteria is mainly the reproduction of larvae. In addition to controlling adult oviposition (such as obstructing adults or light trapping adults in screens), the key is to block many species of gnat mosquitoes (such as eggs). , larvae, larvae and their dormant bodies) of the initial invasion route. For 1-2d before cultivation, the indoor mushroom house and the exposed mushroom house shed must be tightly closed and fumigated. The used culture materials and earth-covering materials should be treated with high temperature or drugs, otherwise, even if no adult occurs, Larvae still appear on the bed of bacteria.
2. Before cultivation, the culture materials should be exposed for 1 d to 2 d (days). The fermentation of the culture should be thorough, and use 2.5% to 2.000 times of 2.5% deltamethrin EC, or 2 000 times of 10% cypermethrin EC. Liquid, or 1O% imidacloprid wettable powder 5000 times liquid spray mix to kill pests in the culture material.
3. To prevent the culture material moisture content is too high, after the inoculation bags of bacteria should not stack more than 3 layers, and often check flip. The shed is properly dried and the relative humidity of the air is not more than 70%. It is usually ventilated and cooled to prevent pests from breeding. Cultivating clinker is recommended. Although clinker cultivation increases the cultivation cost, the success rate is high, pests are light, and yield is high.
4. During the germination period, the mosquitoes were airtightly fumigated with formaldehyde, dilute 1:1 mixture of 10ml/cubic meter or 9g/cubic meter of aluminum phosphide;
5. Aluminium phosphide fumigation can be used in the shed to disinfest the insects. The dosage is 10 g per square meter (g), fumigation is 72 h to 96 h (hours), and then the ventilation of the doors and windows is opened for 10 h (hours) until the gas is exhausted. Can be used; also available 8O% dichlorvos EC 1500 times, or 1O% cypermethrin EC 2 000 times, or 10% imidacloprid WP 5 000 times and other insecticide spray; also available 3W black light trap.
6. Freeze-drying method to control larvae in winter with low temperature, the occurrence of fleas mosquito sticks moved to the shed outside the night or to open the film, at -5 °C, the mortality of larvae mosquitoes reached 100%; -4 °C, The mortality rate of larvae is 96.6%; at -3°C, the larval mortality rate is 91.6%, and the effect is extremely significant. Non-wintered lime powder was found in the larvae of the adult mosquitoes. No live larvae were found after 24 hours. The control effect was 100%. The reason was that lime not only had strong water absorption, but also alkaline and corrosive; the experimental results showed that: After larvae exposed to sunlight for 4 hours, the mortality rate was up to 87.2%. For the more severe bacterial rods, lime and sun exposure were used to control the disease. Regardless of the method used, we must avoid the fruiting period so as not to affect the growth of the mushroom.
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