First, harvest
Clove basil can be harvested in 60-75 days after planting in Guangdong and Fujian. The harvest can be carried out for the first time. The second harvest is in July-August. The third time is in mid-October. The fourth harvest is still available in Hainan Island in late November. Per acre fresh stems and leaves 1500 to 2000 kg. On the 1st and 2nd harvests, cut off the plants with 20 to 25 cm from the ground with a file, and avoid rooting in the roots during harvesting so as not to affect the regenerative ability. Then, the water and fertilizer management shall be strengthened to regenerate new shoots and leaves. At the last harvest, it is under the ground, and then the soil is kept warm for the winter. The Sakura Basil seeds in Fujian and Guangdong can be matured in the field, and robust plants can be selected as seeds for harvesting. Harvesting should be done in sunny weather, place it in a cool place after harvesting, and do not pile together to prevent heat and decay. Harvested raw materials must be processed within 2 to 3 days before harvesting new raw materials. The experiment of changing the law of oil content from different harvest time within one day showed that the oil content was the highest from 14:00 to 16:00, which was 0.77%, and that in the morning at 5:00 was only 0.37%.
Second, processing
Clove basil oil was extracted by steam distillation. The oil contains eugenol with a relative density of about 1.03 and a relative density of about 0.9, and the temperature of the distillate changes the relative density of the oil. If the temperature of the distillate is between 40°C and 30°C, the oil is divided into 2 parts. The oil lighter than water floats on the surface of the water. It is called light oil, and it is heavier than water, and it is called heavy oil. When the distillate temperature is around 45°C, the relative density of the essential oil is close to that of water, and the distillate becomes white opalescent, and the oil and water are temporarily mixed and difficult to separate. Therefore, in the distillation process to grasp the following operating techniques:
1 Whether it is the method of soil distillation or steam distillation, it is necessary to master the prosperous process from the beginning to the end of distillation to increase the oil yield.
2 The distillate is returned to the pot so that it can continuously increase the amount of water. It can also distill the oil and water again to increase the essential oil.
3 The temperature of the distillate is controlled between 40°C and 30°C. The flow rate of the cooling water should be high and the flow rate should be fast. The temperature of the condensate should be below 40°C.
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