Scientific name: Bellis perennis
Origin: Europe to Western Asia
Family Genus:Asteraceae
Characteristics: Daisy is a perennial herb, often cultivated for two years. Hi, cold, moist, more cold-resistant, under the conditions of 3-4 °C can be exposed to winter, requires rich humus, fertile, well-drained sandy loam. Plant height 8-15cm, leaf base clustered, spatulate or obovate, capitate, solitary, superior leafy, rayate, flowers small, flowering from December to May, flowering, stem 2-3 Cm, flowering 12-14 weeks after sowing. The more famous varieties are "Galros", "Tasu" and "Monsters". The "monster" series is the latest variety and it is rare in China. Daisy mainly has red, white, mixed color, pink, rose and other colors. Although the height of these species is different, they are generally between 10-20cm.
Sowing seedlings: Daisy seeds are very small, with 4900-6600 seeds per gram of seeds, mostly sown in September. In Zhejiang, planting is generally started in late July, and planting is mainly in late July and mid-August. At this time, the New Year's Day is sown. Seed for loose, air-permeable media. After the medium is sterilized, it is better to cover it with vermiculite, a thin layer, so as not to see the degree of seed. Because the seeds of daisies are very small and should not be broadcasted on time, they are generally broadcasted. When the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, they can be transplanted once. The pH of the sowing medium is preferably 5.8-6.5, and the EC value is preferably 0.5-0.75. After sowing, the temperature is maintained at 18-20 DEG C, the humidity is 80-90%, and germination takes place 5-8 days. In spring and spring in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, but the growth of seedlings and flowering are not as good as in autumn. So generally do not spring broadcast.
The first stage:
Keep 18-22°C temperature and 80-90% humidity after sowing. The radicles grow 5-8 days. After germination, it is still necessary to keep the medium moist, no need to spray fertilizer, need to be given light, but the light can not be too strong at the time of germination, still have to shade properly. In July-August, it is still necessary to cool off before and after noon.
second stage:
At this stage, the humidity is 70-80%, which allows the roots to penetrate into the medium to absorb nutrients for extension of its cotyledons. The temperature is controlled at 16-20°C until the first pair of true leaves is opened and fertilization can be started, with 20 ppm of 50 ppm. 20 mainly water-soluble fertilizers. After this phase, you can start a transplant with a 288 or 128 plug.
The third phase:
This period is the period of rapid growth of the seedlings. To prevent the medium from being overly moist, alternate application of 50 ppm 20-10-20 and 14-0-14 flower special fertilizers. Due to the temperature and the size of the transpiration, the liquid fertilizer is usually poured in 2-3 days without watering. This is a more scientific water and fertilizer management method in seedling production. According to the traditional method, once the fertilizer is poured in intervals, the concentration is relatively increased to 70-100 ppm. However, the medium should be allowed to dry slightly between the watering and the fertilizer, and dry and wet alternation is used to promote the growth of the seedlings and the development of the root system. When the seedlings have 2-3 pairs of true leaves, the seedling height is 3-4cm, and the root development is almost complete, the next stage of hardening seedlings can be carried out.
The fourth stage:
The root system of the seedlings at this stage has grown and there are already three pairs of true leaves. Consider the hardening process before the pot. At the same temperature as the previous stage, the humidity slightly decreased. Moisture control is particularly important at this stage. Apply 14-0-14 water-soluble fertilizer, otherwise the seedlings are easy to grow. Therefore, there should be sufficient sunlight, enhanced ventilation, control of temperature and humidity, and prevention of leggyness.
Transplant / upper pot: Seedlings can be put on the pot after hardening. There are already 3 pairs of true leaves at this time. If you use plug seedlings, the root system is full of plugs. The upper bowl uses 12cm caliber nutrients. No need to change the basin after the basin. Potted fertilizer can be added as a base fertilizer. The root water was poured on the basin in time.
Light regulation: Daisy also likes sunshine, including growth and flowering. Light can fully promote the growth of plants, leaf color green, increase the amount of flowers.
Temperature control: After the upper basin is moved to the protected place for winter, it can prevent the potted plants from freezing in the winter. Daisies can be safely overwintered above 5°C, and maintaining a temperature of 18-22°C is optimal for the formation of good plants. It is difficult to do in practice. Daisy can normally bloom at 10-25°C. When the temperature is lower than 10°C, the growth is relatively slow, the plant shape is reduced, and flowering is delayed. If the temperature is higher than 25°C, the stem will grow longer and the growth potential and flowering will decay. In May-June, when the temperature rises, the growth potential and flowering are not ideal, so the autumn sowing seedlings are generally used to avoid the temperature rise environment after May.
Water and fertilizer management: Daisy hi hi fertile soil, basal fertilizer in its medium alone can not meet its growth needs. Therefore, after every 7-10 days to recover a fertilizer, available 20-10-20 and 14-0-14 flower fertilizer, can also be used compound fertilizer or water soluble irrigation, the concentration of 200-250ppm. However, the application of compound fertilizer is not as effective as watering. Therefore, the water-soluble flower fertilizer 20-10-20 and 14-0-14 can be used alternately. However, in the winter, the amount of fertilizer used should be reduced by 20-10-20. Before the watering, the medium should be allowed to dry slightly, but wet but not wet. Because it is a basal leaf cluster, if not ventilated, the base leaves are easily rotted and infected with germs. Give enough water and fertilizer in the growing season to grow both lush and extend the flowering period.
Cultivation management: Daisy is more resistant to transplants, and transplants can make it more hair roots. No need to trim and topping to control flowering.
Pests and diseases: The main diseases of daisies are seedling damping-off, gray mold, brown spot, anthracnose, downy mildew (800-1000 times available Chlorothalonil, 1000-1500 times the control of a box turtle); insect pests Locust and so on.
Garden quality: Daisy flowers are neat, green leaves are lovely, is one of the important flower beds of New Year's Day and the Spring Festival. Plants are neat, crowns are 8-15cm, and there are 3-5 flowers or more to sell. For unsold stocks, the dying flowers should be removed and the stems can still be sold. In loading and transportation, there is less damage and it is more resistant to long-distance transportation.
Origin: Europe to Western Asia
Family Genus:Asteraceae
Characteristics: Daisy is a perennial herb, often cultivated for two years. Hi, cold, moist, more cold-resistant, under the conditions of 3-4 °C can be exposed to winter, requires rich humus, fertile, well-drained sandy loam. Plant height 8-15cm, leaf base clustered, spatulate or obovate, capitate, solitary, superior leafy, rayate, flowers small, flowering from December to May, flowering, stem 2-3 Cm, flowering 12-14 weeks after sowing. The more famous varieties are "Galros", "Tasu" and "Monsters". The "monster" series is the latest variety and it is rare in China. Daisy mainly has red, white, mixed color, pink, rose and other colors. Although the height of these species is different, they are generally between 10-20cm.
Sowing seedlings: Daisy seeds are very small, with 4900-6600 seeds per gram of seeds, mostly sown in September. In Zhejiang, planting is generally started in late July, and planting is mainly in late July and mid-August. At this time, the New Year's Day is sown. Seed for loose, air-permeable media. After the medium is sterilized, it is better to cover it with vermiculite, a thin layer, so as not to see the degree of seed. Because the seeds of daisies are very small and should not be broadcasted on time, they are generally broadcasted. When the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, they can be transplanted once. The pH of the sowing medium is preferably 5.8-6.5, and the EC value is preferably 0.5-0.75. After sowing, the temperature is maintained at 18-20 DEG C, the humidity is 80-90%, and germination takes place 5-8 days. In spring and spring in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, but the growth of seedlings and flowering are not as good as in autumn. So generally do not spring broadcast.
The first stage:
Keep 18-22°C temperature and 80-90% humidity after sowing. The radicles grow 5-8 days. After germination, it is still necessary to keep the medium moist, no need to spray fertilizer, need to be given light, but the light can not be too strong at the time of germination, still have to shade properly. In July-August, it is still necessary to cool off before and after noon.
second stage:
At this stage, the humidity is 70-80%, which allows the roots to penetrate into the medium to absorb nutrients for extension of its cotyledons. The temperature is controlled at 16-20°C until the first pair of true leaves is opened and fertilization can be started, with 20 ppm of 50 ppm. 20 mainly water-soluble fertilizers. After this phase, you can start a transplant with a 288 or 128 plug.
The third phase:
This period is the period of rapid growth of the seedlings. To prevent the medium from being overly moist, alternate application of 50 ppm 20-10-20 and 14-0-14 flower special fertilizers. Due to the temperature and the size of the transpiration, the liquid fertilizer is usually poured in 2-3 days without watering. This is a more scientific water and fertilizer management method in seedling production. According to the traditional method, once the fertilizer is poured in intervals, the concentration is relatively increased to 70-100 ppm. However, the medium should be allowed to dry slightly between the watering and the fertilizer, and dry and wet alternation is used to promote the growth of the seedlings and the development of the root system. When the seedlings have 2-3 pairs of true leaves, the seedling height is 3-4cm, and the root development is almost complete, the next stage of hardening seedlings can be carried out.
The fourth stage:
The root system of the seedlings at this stage has grown and there are already three pairs of true leaves. Consider the hardening process before the pot. At the same temperature as the previous stage, the humidity slightly decreased. Moisture control is particularly important at this stage. Apply 14-0-14 water-soluble fertilizer, otherwise the seedlings are easy to grow. Therefore, there should be sufficient sunlight, enhanced ventilation, control of temperature and humidity, and prevention of leggyness.
Transplant / upper pot: Seedlings can be put on the pot after hardening. There are already 3 pairs of true leaves at this time. If you use plug seedlings, the root system is full of plugs. The upper bowl uses 12cm caliber nutrients. No need to change the basin after the basin. Potted fertilizer can be added as a base fertilizer. The root water was poured on the basin in time.
Light regulation: Daisy also likes sunshine, including growth and flowering. Light can fully promote the growth of plants, leaf color green, increase the amount of flowers.
Temperature control: After the upper basin is moved to the protected place for winter, it can prevent the potted plants from freezing in the winter. Daisies can be safely overwintered above 5°C, and maintaining a temperature of 18-22°C is optimal for the formation of good plants. It is difficult to do in practice. Daisy can normally bloom at 10-25°C. When the temperature is lower than 10°C, the growth is relatively slow, the plant shape is reduced, and flowering is delayed. If the temperature is higher than 25°C, the stem will grow longer and the growth potential and flowering will decay. In May-June, when the temperature rises, the growth potential and flowering are not ideal, so the autumn sowing seedlings are generally used to avoid the temperature rise environment after May.
Water and fertilizer management: Daisy hi hi fertile soil, basal fertilizer in its medium alone can not meet its growth needs. Therefore, after every 7-10 days to recover a fertilizer, available 20-10-20 and 14-0-14 flower fertilizer, can also be used compound fertilizer or water soluble irrigation, the concentration of 200-250ppm. However, the application of compound fertilizer is not as effective as watering. Therefore, the water-soluble flower fertilizer 20-10-20 and 14-0-14 can be used alternately. However, in the winter, the amount of fertilizer used should be reduced by 20-10-20. Before the watering, the medium should be allowed to dry slightly, but wet but not wet. Because it is a basal leaf cluster, if not ventilated, the base leaves are easily rotted and infected with germs. Give enough water and fertilizer in the growing season to grow both lush and extend the flowering period.
Cultivation management: Daisy is more resistant to transplants, and transplants can make it more hair roots. No need to trim and topping to control flowering.
Pests and diseases: The main diseases of daisies are seedling damping-off, gray mold, brown spot, anthracnose, downy mildew (800-1000 times available Chlorothalonil, 1000-1500 times the control of a box turtle); insect pests Locust and so on.
Garden quality: Daisy flowers are neat, green leaves are lovely, is one of the important flower beds of New Year's Day and the Spring Festival. Plants are neat, crowns are 8-15cm, and there are 3-5 flowers or more to sell. For unsold stocks, the dying flowers should be removed and the stems can still be sold. In loading and transportation, there is less damage and it is more resistant to long-distance transportation.
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