Beef cattle breeding is generally started with yak. ​​If you want to get high efficiency in the breeding process, then we should start to pay attention to the feeding skills from the yak, because the yak grows fast, and feeding nutrients as early as possible can make it fast. Development, the following is a detailed farming method, farmers should pay attention to cockroaches.
1 Physiological characteristics of yak
Yak mainly refers to cattle from birth to 6 months of age, and the growth rate is very fast. In the days after birth, the tissues and organs of the calves are in a state of development and are not yet fully developed. The rumen of the newborn calf has only a small volume, but the rumen will gradually increase with the continuous growth and development of the body, especially after 3 months of age, the growth rate will be more rapid, so the volume of the rumen will increase. It is very obvious that when the yak grows for 6 months, the volume of the first three stomachs will account for more than 70% of the total stomach volume. In the rumen of yak less than 3 months old, there is no microbial area, and the microbial area is gradually formed in the rumen of yak from 3 to 4 months old. The yak does not have enough gastric juice in the stomach at the time of birth, so if you feed it with plant-based feed, there is no way to digest it, so you can only suck breastmilk as a source of food and nutrition. After a few weeks, the stomach of the yak There are microorganisms that breed and inhabit. The nervous system and thermoregulatory system of newborn calves are not perfect, and their ability to resist adverse environmental conditions is relatively poor. It can be seen that the production and management of yak must be done in production, otherwise it is easy to cause yak disease, and ultimately bring bad effects to the farm.
2 correct breeding
Delivery and care. The newly born yak should be cleaned of the mucus in the nose and mouth with a sterile towel. If the newborn yak inhales the mucus, it is easy to have difficulty breathing. Therefore, once this happens during the delivery, the hind legs should be lifted up and the chest should be tapped to expel the inhaled mucus. Then the newborn yak should be treated with umbilical cord. First, the blood in the umbilical cord should be squeezed back into the abdomen of the yak. ​​Then the umbilical cord is ligated 6~8cm from the abdomen and cut with sterile scissors. Choose 5%~10%. Iodine is disinfected on the broken ends to avoid infection. After the above treatment, the newborn calf should be transferred to a warm position as soon as possible to ensure that the calf can survive normally.
Feed colostrum as soon as possible. Newborn calves do not have too strong immunity, gastrointestinal function is not fully developed, and they do not have perfect mucosal function. Therefore, the ability of newborn calves to resist external pathogenic microorganisms is relatively poor, and cows secrete colostrum. The rich nutrients are very important for improving the immunity of yak. ​​The magnesium salt contained in colostrum has a corresponding promotion effect on meconium discharge. In the actual clinical production, the newborn yak is generally fed colostrum for more than 1 week, but the first feeding time should be within 2 hours, usually should be 1.0~1.5kg, and the normal requirement is to feed the yak every day. The second time is more appropriate.
Feeding regular milk. After yak sucking colostrum for 1 week, it should be converted to normal milk for feeding. Usually, the lactation period is about 2~3 months. The 1 month old yak should maintain the frequency of breastfeeding 3 times a day, but with the growth of calves. The number of breastfeedings has decreased, and the weaning measures have been gradually implemented. The premise of normal growth and development of yak is to feed regularly and quantitatively to meet the normal needs of its development. However, in production, it is not possible to carry out this standard for all yaks to feed, or to consider the actual production conditions.
Feed the plant feed early. The yak can feed some high-quality plant-based feeds a few days after birth, allowing it to eat ad libitum, stimulate the development of the rumen, and improve the digestive function of the cattle. With the growth and development of yak, the nutrients needed for each day have increased. It is necessary to train yak for feeding early and feed as needed.
Weaning at the right time. In the production, the early weaning measures should be taken on the yak according to the actual feeding situation. Usually, the lactation period lasts for 2 to 3 months. As the yak develops, the number of breastfeeding is gradually reduced, and at the same time, the concentrate and the plant feed are also required. The amount is increased to ensure that the calf can be gradually weaned. The yak with poor constitution should extend the breastfeeding time appropriately according to the actual situation.
3 Reasonable management
Newly born calves usually require uniform numbering and weighing treatment. They are weighed once each at 3 months and 6 months, and the records are made well, so that the growth and development of calves can be better in the future. Master and understand. In the production, the yak of 1~3 weeks old is usually cut off, which can avoid the situation of yak injury and miscarriage. The yak is usually castrated at 3 to 5 months of age, and the quality of the beef produced after the meat is removed by castration is much better than that of the beef that is not castrated.
Usually, the yak in lactation should be kept in a single column. The nursing cow should be cleaned every day to encourage the calf to exercise to exercise its bones and limbs, and to improve the feed intake of the calf. Usually, the yak insists on 1h of free exercise every day. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the yak receives sunlight every day, promotes the conversion of cholesterol in the skin into vitamin D, which promotes the body's absorption of calcium and enhances the resistance of the yak to the outside world. Supplying yak's clean and hygienic drinking water and drinking it in warm water in winter can reduce the incidence of diarrhea.
Beef cattle breeding is mainly in feeding and management. The correct feeding method can make it fattening quickly, and then the disease prevention and control. If the disease textile can reduce the probability of economic loss in time, we must scientifically raise the economic value of beef cattle breeding. The above is beef cattle. The correct method of scientific feeding.
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