Ecological fermentation bed: the key to easy management of summer pighouses In general, summer temperatures are generally high, humidity is high, and mosquitoes and flies are raging at the same time, which is more likely to cause a lot of adverse effects on pig producers. The disease is again and again. Specifically in:
First of all, it is the adverse effect of high temperature. Excessively high ambient temperature will inhibit the heat production of pigs, thus reducing feed intake. Although the digestibility is slightly increased, the increase is not sufficient to compensate for the loss of nutrition. At the same time, the adjustment of increased heat dissipation increases energy consumption, which in turn reduces the feed conversion rate, which in turn affects productivity. High temperature is also a major unfavorable factor in reducing the fertility of pigs, because heat stress can reduce the secretion of sex hormones, so that the estrus rate of sows is reduced, and the rate of ecstasy is increased; high temperature directly acts on the testes of boars, causing them to increase in temperature, causing fines Reproductive epithelial degeneration, which in turn affects sperm formation and maturation, decreases semen quality and results in lower fertility rates in sows.
Second, it is the adverse effect of high humidity. At high temperatures, the skin is mainly evaporating from the skin and respiratory tract, but in the case of high temperature and high humidity, the difference between the water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the pig body and the water vapor partial pressure in the air is reduced, so that the evaporative heat dissipation is reduced, and the pig body heat is more It is difficult to increase the pig's heat stress. At the same time, high humidity is conducive to the reproduction of various pathogenic microorganisms and parasites, which greatly increases the incidence of pigs and aggravates the original condition, making pigs susceptible to dermatophytosis, eczema, and other skin diseases. It may also cause piglet paratyphoid fever and piglet diarrhea. The spread of infectious diseases such as swine fever and swine erysipelas.
The third is the adverse effects of harmful gases. Harmful gases mainly include ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. For example, when the ammonia content in the pig house is about 38 mg per cubic meter, it will have an adverse effect on the pig's weight gain. When it reaches a content of 70-110 mg/cubic meter, it can cause porcine respiratory diseases or shaking heads, runny nose, and sneezing. phenomenon.
In addition, the breeding of mosquitoes and flies in the summer will also affect the rest of the pigs, as well as contaminate feed and drinking water, and it will lead to the spread of certain infectious diseases.
To eliminate or reduce the impact of the above various unfavorable factors and improve the economic efficiency of the pig industry, the following effective measures can be taken:
First of all, the use of new ecological fermentation bed pigs, completely replace the old-fashioned cement housing pigs. For example, using a fermented bed type pig raising, the pig house is warm in winter and cool in summer, the temperature in the house is basically maintained at twenty degrees, clean and sanitary, and there is basically no harassment of mosquitoes and flies. In addition, the fermentation bed can thoroughly remove pig excrement. Degradation makes it difficult to produce a variety of harmful gases before, and it can also protect the environment; it is easy and simple to operate, and it is also very convenient for routine maintenance and management.
Second, the structure of the pig house should be improved. Whether it is fermented-bed pig breeding or old-fashioned cement housing pig rearing, the material of the roof of the pig house can be made of construction materials with different thermal conductivity, so that heat radiation can not penetrate the roof into the house, avoid unnecessary Warming up. The roof can be in the form of a roof, with the air in the middle to block the radiation. It is also possible to convert the roof of the ceiling and the roof into a ventilated roof, so that air enters through the air inlet, passes through the entire middle layer and is discharged from the air outlet, and reduces the conduction of solar radiant heat into the pig house. Wall insulation can be made of materials with good thermal insulation properties, such as hollow bricks, aerated concrete blocks, and other inflatable materials. Color steel sandwich composite panels can also be used to assemble walls.
Third, other measures cooperate. Whether it is the use of new breeding technology or traditional methods of breeding beds, can be coordinated from the following aspects: 1, to strengthen ventilation of pigs. For east-west pig houses, the front and rear windows can be used to make full use of the air flow to reduce the temperature inside the pig house. Smaller windows can be properly retrofitted to make the windows bigger before the summer arrives. Conditionally installable fans allow forced air circulation when the temperature is too high. Whether it is a fermented-bed pig or an old-fashioned cement house pig, there should be a skylight above it, and the following windows should be provided for ventilation. 2, take shade measures. A certain amount of trees, flowers and grass barriers should be planted around the pig house, in addition to playing a role in greening, it can also play a role in shading. In addition, the construction of a pergola beside the pig house can reduce the temperature of the ground near the pig house. 3, to ensure adequate water. In summer, the demand for water from pigs is relatively large. Therefore, it is advisable to feed in thin foods. At the same time, there must be sufficient supply of clean drinking water in the sink. Fermented bed pigs should also pay attention to drinking water can not be dropped into the bed to prevent excessive humidity caused by excessive fermentation temperature. 4, adjust the feeding time. In the hot season, feeding is best at night. Generally, it is advisable to use the morning at four or three in the morning and eight or nine in the evening to avoid feeding at noon. However, the adjustment of feeding time should be gradual and gradual, with the temperature changes gradually adjusted, can not be suddenly changed; piglets transferred to the market or sold for sale, should be arranged in the early and late temperatures are relatively low, when the weather is cool. 5, adjust the feed formula. Full-price feed can add 2-3 kg of baking soda, 150-200 g of vitamin C, and 80-100 g of vitamin E per ton; feed for sows can add 5-8 kg of edible oil per ton, and increase crude protein content appropriately. and many more.
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