Due to the late sowing date, wheat varieties should choose weak spring or spring varieties. So what are the key points for high yield of late cropping wheat?
1. Scientific fertilization should reapply organic fertilizers and increase the application amount of nitrogen fertilizers. 3000-5000 kg of organic fertilizer should be applied per mu, and 50 kg of superphosphate and 70 kg of ammonium hydrogen phosphate should be used as base fertilizer to ensure that late seedlings grow early and reach the standard for strong seedlings. In addition, on the basis of scientifically applying base fertilizer, returning straw to the field, and increasing the application of organic fertilizer, seed fertilizer should be applied. Generally, 1.5 kg of urea and diammonium phosphate are applied per mu.
In order to prevent the fertilizer from "burning seeds", it is necessary to sow the fertilizer first, and then sow the seeds. It is not possible to mix the seeds and the seed fertilizer for sowing. Late-sown wheat has fewer overwintering leaves and late formation of a sound root system. It is necessary to apply wax fertilizer as early as possible. Before the end of December, apply ash fertilizer to about 2500 kg per mu to prevent freezing and protect seedlings.
2. To increase the amount of sowing, increase the amount of sowing appropriately to compensate for the delay. Late sowing wheat grows slowly and has few tillers, so it is necessary to focus on the main stem to form ears to achieve high yield. The sowing rate per mu can be appropriately increased to 9-15 kg.
3. Seed soaking and accelerating germination. For wheat with too late sowing date, soak the wheat seeds in warm water for about 2 hours before sowing, and then incubate the germination at a temperature of 20℃～25℃ for 24 hours. After the seeds absorb enough water, remove them and pile them up to 30 Seed piles with a thickness of centimeters, and turn over several times a day, sowing when the embryo is exposed. For plots where underground pests are heavier, seed dressing must be carried out.
4. Appropriate shallow sowing and late stubble wheat sowing should not be too deep, generally no more than 3 cm. The thicker the seed cover, the lower the ground temperature and the slower the emergence of seedlings. If the moisture content is good, shallow sowing 2 to 3 cm, you can make full use of the surface temperature of the sun to promote the emergence of seedlings. In addition, proper suppression after sowing can make wheat emerge 2 to 4 days earlier.
5. Inter-cultivation to increase temperature in winter, if the water is sufficient, wheat can still grow slowly. Therefore, if the weather is dry before winter, the late sowing wheat must be watered once, and inter-cultivation in time to increase the ground temperature to make it grow continuously.
6. Phosphorus spraying on strong grains and foliar spraying of phosphate fertilizers has a significant effect on increasing fruiting and increasing wheat thousand-grain weight. At the booting stage and before and after heading, spray 2 to 3 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or superphosphate aqueous solution every 5 to 7 days for a total of 2 to 3 times.
7. Returning to green, heavy tube, late sowing wheat, the spring returns to green quickly, and the leaf emerges faster under the condition of sufficient fertilizer and water, and there is often a sharp increase in tillers and prosperous leaves, which leads to poor ventilation in the wheat field. Therefore, jointing fertilizer should not be applied too early, and in early spring, only suitable supplementary fertilizers should be applied to fields or spots with particularly poor growth.
To prevent the wheat seedlings from growing too vigorously from the re-green period to the base 1-2 internode elongation period, ****** lightly suppress once with a roller on a sunny day before re-greening to control the tillering after spring and promote the large tillers to become ears and speed up The small and medium tillers disappear to improve the ventilation conditions of the group, make the base internodes of the wheat seedlings thicker, and enhance the lodging resistance. For the vigorous wheat seedlings, spray mesoquat to control them in early March. The jointing fertilizer should be applied in a timely and appropriate amount, together with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, not earlier than the end of February, and the application of urea per mu should not exceed 7.5 kg.
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