Pathology is extremely high in the entire medical system of developed countries in Europe and America, and the income level of pathologists is also among the best. However, domestic hospitals have become the "end of the department", which is not enough attention.
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During the period when the ZTE incident broke out, the media reported overwhelmingly. I read a lot of comments. In fact, the essence is to repeat one sentence: When the core is pinched in the hands of others, how much influence will you have on you?
In fact, the same things happen in the biomedical industry every day. As an example, the most important key reagents for the immunohistochemical detection of pathological tissue diagnosis and the standardized automation equipment platform are all blank, and they all depend on imports.
Pathology is an extremely critical and important medical field. It is a recognized medical foundation and a gold standard for the diagnosis of malignant diseases such as tumors. Pathology is highly regarded in the entire medical system of developed countries in Europe and America, and the income level of pathologists is also among the best. However, the domestic hospital has become the "end of the department", which is not enough attention.
Doing "blank" things
China's current medical system has four core problems, and pathology accounts for three. The monopolization of core reagents and equipment platforms is a very important reason. This is the status quo of traditional pathological differential diagnosis.
Of course, the same is true in the field of accompanying diagnosis. China's immunotherapy industry is developing rapidly, with many participants and rapid progress, but there are still gaps in the basis of precision treatment.
Pathological tissue diagnosis, as the most important type of methodology in precision therapy, is one of the largest FDA-approved methods in the accompanying diagnosis. However, most of China's precision treatment companies are looking for support for pathological tissue diagnosis during the research and development process. They still have the option to find resources from abroad, and China has a rare matching product and technology platform.
An important core tool in pathological tissue diagnosis is antibodies. Scientists have developed a protein-based precision diagnostic and therapeutic system that uses antibodies to the antigenic epitope, the world's most known and uniquely recognized ability. This is precision medicine in the protein system.
Antibodies are actually a very old term. In 1901, the first Nobel Prize in Medical Physiology gave anti-serum to antibodies and immunology.
At that time, the Nobel Prize Evaluation Committee gave an antibody-related evaluation: "Because of its work in serum therapy, especially the application of this therapy to diphtheria. Its work opened up a avenue for medical research and gave doctors Brings a powerful weapon against disease."
In 1975, two scientists Milstein and Kohler invented the mouse monoclonal antibody technology, and they were awarded the 1984 Nobel Prize in Medical Physiology. Antibody technology has taken a big step forward, enabling the development of antibody tools that accurately identify a certain tiny protein structure (epitope).
Since then, antibody-dependent immunology research has entered the concept of precision medicine, which is no longer the traditional concept of experimental medicine and empirical medicine. The antibody itself is a university.
With the advancement of research and biotechnology, in the past 100 years, many evolutions have taken place from species sources to development processes to applications. The immune system varies greatly from each source of different species. This is the different defense mechanisms that occur when different species evolved to counter the invasion of external pathogens.
After the invention of the mouse monoclonal antibody technology in 1975, this technology was released to the world free of charge, and based on this technology, numerous antibody tools were applied in the fields of scientific research/diagnosis and treatment. But the more you go back, whether it is the source of the species or the development of the antibody development and production process, the closure is getting stronger and stronger, why? Because of technical thresholds and patent protection.
A rabbit monoclonal antibody born in the late 1990s is a typical example. As a relatively unique branch of the entire antibody field, the molecular mechanisms of its different immune systems bring some excellent performance in clinical immunology applications, especially in paraffin-embedded immunohistochemistry systems, which are the most commonly used in pathological diagnosis. The IHC methodological performance.
This technology has been almost monopolized for more than a decade by the technology inventor EPITOMICS (later acquired by the British abcam).
There are good and bad technical monopolies. The advantage is that the company has formed commercial protection, but the drawbacks? From a more objective point of view, because of the small number of people involved, the research and development of it is quite limited. Therefore, the unique and excellent tool of rabbit monoclonal antibody is still rarely available.
In addition to the source of antibodies, the development process has a lot of attention. In the past, when it comes to antibodies, we rely more on the gift that nature has evolved for us—the animal's own immune system, and what kind of screening we can get. When our technological level develops to a certain stage, we have the ability to actively change it, which is genetically engineered antibodies.
In terms of the type of antibody, we have previously known polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies. Now in biomedicine, it must be the future trend and it has already taken up a growing proportion, that is, engineering antibodies, such as bispecific antibodies.
From the application of antibodies, in the perspective of protein precision medical treatment, it can provide the help of gene-related technology platforms. Genes certainly have many advantages, but we believe that genes and proteins should complement each other and be precise. The system of diagnosis and treatment is equally important.
We saw this important tool in such an important and professionally segmented field. China's gap is so big, so we want to change it.
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