First, according to local conditions, selection of improved varieties is the internal cause of increased production. It plays a leading role in achieving many factors such as high yield, high quality and high efficiency of carrots. The varieties of carrots suitable for cultivation in the Huanghuai region are five inches in Japan's New Kuroda, six inches in Kuroda, hundreds of red in South Korea, and Cheng Shanhong.
Second, fine soil preparation, rational fertilization
1. Fine site preparation. Carrots are Umbelliferae tuberous root herbs. The most suitable soil for planting carrots is rich sandy soil, loose soil, well preserved soil, and good drainage, fertile sandy loam and loam with a porosity of 20% to 30%. Suitable pH between 6 and 8. Deepen the plowing layer year by year while deepening the soil, deepen 25 to 30 centimeters deep, and then level it. Do nothing on the virtual reality, pull no lying under the no-look, in order to facilitate the expansion of carrot roots.
2. Formulated fertilization. Formula fertilization is a key technical measure for high yield, high quality, and high efficiency of carrots. The plots with more than 5000 kilograms per mu yield 3000 to 3500 kilograms of farmyard manure, and 100 to 150 kilograms of cooked high-quality cakes with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Each containing 15% of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 50 kg, or 10 kg of urea, 25-30 kg of phosphoric acid diamine, 20 kg of potassium sulfate. Qi Miao, combined with water, Mushi urea 5 kg.
3. Timely sowing, ensure that the whole seedling 1 timely sowing. The suitable sowing date for planting carrots in the Huanghuai region is in the middle and late July. At this time, coincident with the high temperature and rainy season, whether the whole seedling is the key to success.
2 seed processing. The main technologies for realizing complete seedling seedlings include two aspects: First, after sowing the selected high-quality seeds for 1 to 2 days before sowing, the seeds are treated by the dry-wet alternate method. The seed is placed in the container, the amount of seeds does not exceed 2/3 of the container, 70% of the seed weight is sprinkled into the container, and the mixture is fully stirred so that the seeds are uniformly immersed in water. The seeds are sealed for 24 hours, and then the seeds are tiled. In the newspaper, it is naturally dried in the room, and it takes 2 days for dry and wet treatment to be effective for 2 to 3 times. The wet and dry seeds germinate early, have a high germination rate, are neat and emergent, and can increase production by more than 15%. They also have less deformed roots and good quality. If the seeds that have been treated with dry and wet seeds cannot be sown in time, they should be prolonged for 1 to 2 days during the last drying to make them fully dry, and then stored in glass containers for a storage period of up to 40 days. Second, before sowing, certain kinds of Chinese cabbage were mixed into the carrot seedlings. Cabbage seedlings were used as carrots to cover shades; Thirdly, the wheat ridges and wheat bran were covered on the ridges. The seedlings were covered and the seedlings were unearthed to protect the seedlings. . After the seedlings are in full, gently remove the cabbage seedlings.
4. Promote machine seeding to improve the quality of sowing. According to experiments, the use of sowing can reduce the number of broadcasts, reduce costs, and save time and labor. About 0.5 kilograms per acre, machine broadcast field emergence uniform, neat. Spread the amount of mu to control 0.75 to 1 kilograms, after sowing should be covered in fine soil, light repression, in order to ensure timely emergence, drought should be poured in a timely manner good Mengmian water, in order to facilitate the emergence of neat and consistent.
5. Strengthen field management to ensure high-quality and high-yield chemical weeding. After sowing, timely spraying of 48% of the Bleamine 200-250 ml, before the seedlings are removed, can be used after the seedling weeds to use 10.8% of the Gai Cao 30 to 40 ml, watered 50 kg spray control. The spray stress should be uniform and not heavy.
2 Dingmiao timely. 2 to 3 true leaf seedlings, 6 to 7 true leaves when Dingmiao. The spacing of the plants is 15 centimeters and 20 centimeters, and the number of seedlings left is between 2.5 and 30,000.
3 control pests. Seedling pests are mainly crickets, tigers and beet armyworm. For the prevention of earthworms and ground tigers, 50% of phoxim 0.25 kg of mussels can be mixed with the cake fertilizer and fully applied evenly to the site preparation. Control Spodoptera exigua available 4.5% of the high-performance cypermethrin 25 ml plus biological insecticide ovicide hero 25 to 30 ml water 30 kg, before 9 am, 5 pm after the pest out of activity spray, and strive to uniform, Get through the top and bottom.
The main diseases are soft rot and sclerotia. Soft rot can be treated with 100 to 200 ml/l of agro streptomycin or 70% of doxypharmone 500 times; Sclerotinia can be treated with 70% thiophanate-methyl or 50% carbendazim wettable powder and early onset Conduct prevention and treatment.
4 leaf spray fertilizer. Qimiao seedlings after pouring water, the soil is kept moist, and promote early stable growth of seedlings. Carrot meat root into the expansion period, acres of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150 to 200 grams, 50 kg watering foliar spray. Late drought and timely irrigation can have high carrot yield and quality.
6. Harvest timely and ensure high yields. Carrots mature when fully rooted, can be harvested, taken according to the variety of cold resistance to determine the harvest time sooner or later, cold resistance should be early harvest, cold resistance varieties can be late. At the same time, we must understand the market conditions, harvesting sales when prices rise, and ensuring high yields.
Second, fine soil preparation, rational fertilization
1. Fine site preparation. Carrots are Umbelliferae tuberous root herbs. The most suitable soil for planting carrots is rich sandy soil, loose soil, well preserved soil, and good drainage, fertile sandy loam and loam with a porosity of 20% to 30%. Suitable pH between 6 and 8. Deepen the plowing layer year by year while deepening the soil, deepen 25 to 30 centimeters deep, and then level it. Do nothing on the virtual reality, pull no lying under the no-look, in order to facilitate the expansion of carrot roots.
2. Formulated fertilization. Formula fertilization is a key technical measure for high yield, high quality, and high efficiency of carrots. The plots with more than 5000 kilograms per mu yield 3000 to 3500 kilograms of farmyard manure, and 100 to 150 kilograms of cooked high-quality cakes with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Each containing 15% of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 50 kg, or 10 kg of urea, 25-30 kg of phosphoric acid diamine, 20 kg of potassium sulfate. Qi Miao, combined with water, Mushi urea 5 kg.
3. Timely sowing, ensure that the whole seedling 1 timely sowing. The suitable sowing date for planting carrots in the Huanghuai region is in the middle and late July. At this time, coincident with the high temperature and rainy season, whether the whole seedling is the key to success.
2 seed processing. The main technologies for realizing complete seedling seedlings include two aspects: First, after sowing the selected high-quality seeds for 1 to 2 days before sowing, the seeds are treated by the dry-wet alternate method. The seed is placed in the container, the amount of seeds does not exceed 2/3 of the container, 70% of the seed weight is sprinkled into the container, and the mixture is fully stirred so that the seeds are uniformly immersed in water. The seeds are sealed for 24 hours, and then the seeds are tiled. In the newspaper, it is naturally dried in the room, and it takes 2 days for dry and wet treatment to be effective for 2 to 3 times. The wet and dry seeds germinate early, have a high germination rate, are neat and emergent, and can increase production by more than 15%. They also have less deformed roots and good quality. If the seeds that have been treated with dry and wet seeds cannot be sown in time, they should be prolonged for 1 to 2 days during the last drying to make them fully dry, and then stored in glass containers for a storage period of up to 40 days. Second, before sowing, certain kinds of Chinese cabbage were mixed into the carrot seedlings. Cabbage seedlings were used as carrots to cover shades; Thirdly, the wheat ridges and wheat bran were covered on the ridges. The seedlings were covered and the seedlings were unearthed to protect the seedlings. . After the seedlings are in full, gently remove the cabbage seedlings.
4. Promote machine seeding to improve the quality of sowing. According to experiments, the use of sowing can reduce the number of broadcasts, reduce costs, and save time and labor. About 0.5 kilograms per acre, machine broadcast field emergence uniform, neat. Spread the amount of mu to control 0.75 to 1 kilograms, after sowing should be covered in fine soil, light repression, in order to ensure timely emergence, drought should be poured in a timely manner good Mengmian water, in order to facilitate the emergence of neat and consistent.
5. Strengthen field management to ensure high-quality and high-yield chemical weeding. After sowing, timely spraying of 48% of the Bleamine 200-250 ml, before the seedlings are removed, can be used after the seedling weeds to use 10.8% of the Gai Cao 30 to 40 ml, watered 50 kg spray control. The spray stress should be uniform and not heavy.
2 Dingmiao timely. 2 to 3 true leaf seedlings, 6 to 7 true leaves when Dingmiao. The spacing of the plants is 15 centimeters and 20 centimeters, and the number of seedlings left is between 2.5 and 30,000.
3 control pests. Seedling pests are mainly crickets, tigers and beet armyworm. For the prevention of earthworms and ground tigers, 50% of phoxim 0.25 kg of mussels can be mixed with the cake fertilizer and fully applied evenly to the site preparation. Control Spodoptera exigua available 4.5% of the high-performance cypermethrin 25 ml plus biological insecticide ovicide hero 25 to 30 ml water 30 kg, before 9 am, 5 pm after the pest out of activity spray, and strive to uniform, Get through the top and bottom.
The main diseases are soft rot and sclerotia. Soft rot can be treated with 100 to 200 ml/l of agro streptomycin or 70% of doxypharmone 500 times; Sclerotinia can be treated with 70% thiophanate-methyl or 50% carbendazim wettable powder and early onset Conduct prevention and treatment.
4 leaf spray fertilizer. Qimiao seedlings after pouring water, the soil is kept moist, and promote early stable growth of seedlings. Carrot meat root into the expansion period, acres of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150 to 200 grams, 50 kg watering foliar spray. Late drought and timely irrigation can have high carrot yield and quality.
6. Harvest timely and ensure high yields. Carrots mature when fully rooted, can be harvested, taken according to the variety of cold resistance to determine the harvest time sooner or later, cold resistance should be early harvest, cold resistance varieties can be late. At the same time, we must understand the market conditions, harvesting sales when prices rise, and ensuring high yields.
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