First, there are many varieties of bitter gourd varieties. When growing, we must consider the yield of the variety; Second, we must consider the needs of consumers. Suitable for cultivation in our area are: 1. Green skin species long bitter gourd, its main features are: long tube-shaped fruit, about 30 cm long, green skin; meat is hard, bitter, good quality, relatively resistant to thin soil; The melon weighs 250 to 600 grams. 2. Changbai white bitter melon, its main characteristics are: long tube-shaped fruit, about 70 to 80 cm long, green and white skin; texture is tender, slightly bitter, bitter, good quality, single melon weight 300 to 650 grams; Heat, fertilizer, disease resistance, high yield and stable production, suitable for greenhouse and open field cultivation.
Second, nursery
1. Seed treatment method: Because the bitter gourd seed coat is thick and hard, so the seeds should be soaked with warm water of 50-55°C for 15-20 minutes, and stirring constantly, then remove and soak at room temperature for 24 hours (with water). The seeds are then drained and placed in a pot or dish, covered with a wet towel, and placed at 30-35°C for germination. During the germination period, the seeds should be washed with fresh water once a day. After about 7 days, most of the seeds can be sown in the prepared nutrient soil after sprouting.
2. Preparation of nutritious earthwork: 5 parts of peat soil, 1 part of ash, 3 parts of field soil, and 1 part of organic fertilizer. After being fitted, it is packed in a nutrient bowl or made into earth, the size of which is 77 cm, and the seeding rate per acre is 700-900 grams (one per hole).
3. Management during nursery: Mainly temperature control. The daytime temperature was maintained at 31°C before emergence and 20°C at night. After about 10 days, most of the seedlings were unearthed, and attention was paid to lowering the temperature to prevent leggy growth. It is kept at 20-25°C during the day and 15-18°C at night. The seedling age is about 40 days. Usually, the seedlings are planted and transplanted when there are 3 true leaves.
Third, open field planting
1. Selection and Site Preparation: The requirements of bitter gourd on the soil are not strict, and fertile loam and sandy loam are preferred. In the spring, combined with site preparation, 5000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard fertilizer is used, and then ridges or rakes are made.
2. Colonization: Because the bitter gourd roots are more developed, the depth of soil penetration is 30 cm, and the lateral roots are distributed over 1 meter. Therefore, the suitable density is 6060 cm (riding); the width of the lotus root is 1 meter, and each row is double-rowed. , spacing 60 cm is appropriate.
3. Management 1 Bitter gourd grows slowly before flowering, and weeding must be done. When the first female flower appeared, the plant was smaller and the first fruit was difficult to sit on. At a temperature of 25 to 30°C and good sunshine, the fruit setting rate is high and the fruit grows quickly. After flowering, the growth of stems and leaves is synchronized with the growth of fruit, and the first branch grows on the main vine. A second branch grows on the first branch, and most of the first branches can result. In the production of the main vine, the branch is usually smaller than 9 knots, the plants are still small, and generally they do not allow them to produce melons, and more than 9 knots of melons can be preserved.
2 Insets, tied vines: When the main vine grows to a height of 40 cm, it should be promptly inserted and tied. Since the vines are relatively tender and easy to break, it is best to insert some twigs at the bottom of the frame so that the vines can climb on themselves. Bitter gourd generally prosperously grows stems and leaves, with less melons, and later melons are more concentrated.
3 fertilizer and water management: bitter gourd more resistant to fertilizer, drought, fear of pods, fruiting period every 7 to 10 days irrigation time, combined with topdressing compound fertilizer 15 kg / mu. If you encounter heavy rain, drain it in time.
4. Control of pests and diseases: Bitter gourd disease is mainly wilt disease. Symptoms: The whole plant withered and the stems were softened and rotted. The disease is a fungal disease that is invaded by the soil and rain from the plant roots or wounds. Prevention and control measures: Avoid heavy smashing. In the early stage of disease, 50% carbendazim can be used as a 500-fold liquid to irrigate roots. Irrigation can be done every 5 to 7 days.
Four, harvest bitter gourd flowering 10 to 12 days to be able to reach the maturity of goods, should be timely harvest.
Second, nursery
1. Seed treatment method: Because the bitter gourd seed coat is thick and hard, so the seeds should be soaked with warm water of 50-55°C for 15-20 minutes, and stirring constantly, then remove and soak at room temperature for 24 hours (with water). The seeds are then drained and placed in a pot or dish, covered with a wet towel, and placed at 30-35°C for germination. During the germination period, the seeds should be washed with fresh water once a day. After about 7 days, most of the seeds can be sown in the prepared nutrient soil after sprouting.
2. Preparation of nutritious earthwork: 5 parts of peat soil, 1 part of ash, 3 parts of field soil, and 1 part of organic fertilizer. After being fitted, it is packed in a nutrient bowl or made into earth, the size of which is 77 cm, and the seeding rate per acre is 700-900 grams (one per hole).
3. Management during nursery: Mainly temperature control. The daytime temperature was maintained at 31°C before emergence and 20°C at night. After about 10 days, most of the seedlings were unearthed, and attention was paid to lowering the temperature to prevent leggy growth. It is kept at 20-25°C during the day and 15-18°C at night. The seedling age is about 40 days. Usually, the seedlings are planted and transplanted when there are 3 true leaves.
Third, open field planting
1. Selection and Site Preparation: The requirements of bitter gourd on the soil are not strict, and fertile loam and sandy loam are preferred. In the spring, combined with site preparation, 5000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard fertilizer is used, and then ridges or rakes are made.
2. Colonization: Because the bitter gourd roots are more developed, the depth of soil penetration is 30 cm, and the lateral roots are distributed over 1 meter. Therefore, the suitable density is 6060 cm (riding); the width of the lotus root is 1 meter, and each row is double-rowed. , spacing 60 cm is appropriate.
3. Management 1 Bitter gourd grows slowly before flowering, and weeding must be done. When the first female flower appeared, the plant was smaller and the first fruit was difficult to sit on. At a temperature of 25 to 30°C and good sunshine, the fruit setting rate is high and the fruit grows quickly. After flowering, the growth of stems and leaves is synchronized with the growth of fruit, and the first branch grows on the main vine. A second branch grows on the first branch, and most of the first branches can result. In the production of the main vine, the branch is usually smaller than 9 knots, the plants are still small, and generally they do not allow them to produce melons, and more than 9 knots of melons can be preserved.
2 Insets, tied vines: When the main vine grows to a height of 40 cm, it should be promptly inserted and tied. Since the vines are relatively tender and easy to break, it is best to insert some twigs at the bottom of the frame so that the vines can climb on themselves. Bitter gourd generally prosperously grows stems and leaves, with less melons, and later melons are more concentrated.
3 fertilizer and water management: bitter gourd more resistant to fertilizer, drought, fear of pods, fruiting period every 7 to 10 days irrigation time, combined with topdressing compound fertilizer 15 kg / mu. If you encounter heavy rain, drain it in time.
4. Control of pests and diseases: Bitter gourd disease is mainly wilt disease. Symptoms: The whole plant withered and the stems were softened and rotted. The disease is a fungal disease that is invaded by the soil and rain from the plant roots or wounds. Prevention and control measures: Avoid heavy smashing. In the early stage of disease, 50% carbendazim can be used as a 500-fold liquid to irrigate roots. Irrigation can be done every 5 to 7 days.
Four, harvest bitter gourd flowering 10 to 12 days to be able to reach the maturity of goods, should be timely harvest.
Organic Rice refers to the Rice planted in the process of planting rice, using natural organic cultivation methods, and completely using natural farming methods. Organic rice must be a good quality rice variety recommended by the planting improvement field, and chemical fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators cannot be used during the cultivation process.
Organic Rice
Organic Rice,Organic White Rice,Gift Boxed Organic Rice,Golden Gift Box New Rice
Ningxia Saiwaixiang Food Co., Ltd. , https://www.nxswxfood.com