In the work of a diesel engine, black smoke, blue smoke and white smoke are all symptoms of illness. In the daily life, the engine operator should learn to “see the colors†to diagnose and treat diesel engine failures.
1, take the black smoke. Causes and measures:
(1) The diesel engine is overloaded and the load should be reduced;
(2) It is the correct timing of fuel supply that should be adjusted as required;
(3) The injector is not working properly, and the injection pressure should be adjusted to clean the carbon deposit in the fuel injection hole;
(4) The gap between the intake and exhaust valves is incorrect, and the valve clearance should be adjusted according to the regulations;
(5) The air filter or muffler is clogged, resulting in insufficient intake air, exhaust gas not being clean, insufficient supply of fresh air and black smoke. Clean the air cleaner filter element and muffler on time to ensure fresh air supply.
2, take blue smoke. Causes and measures:
(1) It is the wear of the piston and the cylinder or the wear of the piston ring that is too large. The wear of the piston and the cylinder and the piston ring should be checked. The ram cylinder repair or the replacement of a new piston ring should be performed in time;
(2) It is the oil ring and the ring groove glued, loses the oil scraping effect, causes the oil to dig into the cylinder, should replace the new oil ring and the ring groove;
(3) If there is too much oil, check the dipstick and let go of excess oil;
(4) Because the piston ring is installed and the oil runs into the cylinder, the piston ring should be installed correctly;
(5) If the engine temperature is too high and the oil evaporates, the cooling water should be replaced to enhance heat dissipation.
3, take a white smoke. Causes and measures:
(1) It is the entry of water in the fuel system that should check and remove the accumulated water in the tank;
(2) The cylinder head gasket is damaged, or the cylinder liner is leaking, it is necessary to check the repair or replace the cylinder head gasket and cylinder liner;
(3) The injector is not working properly, causing the injector nozzle to drip, or the injector pressure is low. The injector should be repaired or replaced.
4, automatic flameout. Listening to the "sound" to see the "speed" view of "smoke" can diagnose diesel engine automatic flameout faults.
As the rotation speed gradually decreases and flameout occurs, the engine noise and smoke color change without exception, and this failure occurs in the fuel system. Generally check whether the fuel is used up, if the fuel tank ventilation hole is blocked to form a vacuum, whether the oil circuit is blocked, whether it is into the air, the fuel supply of the fuel injection pump and the fuel injection of the fuel injector. If the exhaust pipe is exposed to strong black smoke, it may be severely overheated. The load or fuel advance angle is too small, the fuel is not fully burned, and the air filter and the intake pipe are checked for clogging. Turning off occurs when the rotational speed is unstable, and the exhaust pipe emits white smoke. Most of the faults are caused by the large amount of moisture in the diesel fuel. If the exhaust pipe is still white smoke and extinguishes after the new oil is replaced, the cylinder mat may be burned out and a new cylinder head gasket should be replaced.
A sudden decrease in the rotational speed occurs and the flame is extinguished. The exhaust pipe emits black smoke. The main causes of failure are: insufficient or excessively lubricating oil, which causes poor lubrication of the relative moving parts such as the crankshaft and the bearing bush, resulting in the burning of the bearing bushes. After the overhaul, the clearance between the piston and the cylinder is too small. When the engine temperature increases, The piston is stuck in the cylinder.
The diesel engine suddenly blew off and accompanied by abnormal noise. The cause of failure can be judged as: crankshaft or piston pin broken; connecting rod screw broken or connecting rod nut off; valve spring broken, valve falling, etc.
1, take the black smoke. Causes and measures:
(1) The diesel engine is overloaded and the load should be reduced;
(2) It is the correct timing of fuel supply that should be adjusted as required;
(3) The injector is not working properly, and the injection pressure should be adjusted to clean the carbon deposit in the fuel injection hole;
(4) The gap between the intake and exhaust valves is incorrect, and the valve clearance should be adjusted according to the regulations;
(5) The air filter or muffler is clogged, resulting in insufficient intake air, exhaust gas not being clean, insufficient supply of fresh air and black smoke. Clean the air cleaner filter element and muffler on time to ensure fresh air supply.
2, take blue smoke. Causes and measures:
(1) It is the wear of the piston and the cylinder or the wear of the piston ring that is too large. The wear of the piston and the cylinder and the piston ring should be checked. The ram cylinder repair or the replacement of a new piston ring should be performed in time;
(2) It is the oil ring and the ring groove glued, loses the oil scraping effect, causes the oil to dig into the cylinder, should replace the new oil ring and the ring groove;
(3) If there is too much oil, check the dipstick and let go of excess oil;
(4) Because the piston ring is installed and the oil runs into the cylinder, the piston ring should be installed correctly;
(5) If the engine temperature is too high and the oil evaporates, the cooling water should be replaced to enhance heat dissipation.
3, take a white smoke. Causes and measures:
(1) It is the entry of water in the fuel system that should check and remove the accumulated water in the tank;
(2) The cylinder head gasket is damaged, or the cylinder liner is leaking, it is necessary to check the repair or replace the cylinder head gasket and cylinder liner;
(3) The injector is not working properly, causing the injector nozzle to drip, or the injector pressure is low. The injector should be repaired or replaced.
4, automatic flameout. Listening to the "sound" to see the "speed" view of "smoke" can diagnose diesel engine automatic flameout faults.
As the rotation speed gradually decreases and flameout occurs, the engine noise and smoke color change without exception, and this failure occurs in the fuel system. Generally check whether the fuel is used up, if the fuel tank ventilation hole is blocked to form a vacuum, whether the oil circuit is blocked, whether it is into the air, the fuel supply of the fuel injection pump and the fuel injection of the fuel injector. If the exhaust pipe is exposed to strong black smoke, it may be severely overheated. The load or fuel advance angle is too small, the fuel is not fully burned, and the air filter and the intake pipe are checked for clogging. Turning off occurs when the rotational speed is unstable, and the exhaust pipe emits white smoke. Most of the faults are caused by the large amount of moisture in the diesel fuel. If the exhaust pipe is still white smoke and extinguishes after the new oil is replaced, the cylinder mat may be burned out and a new cylinder head gasket should be replaced.
A sudden decrease in the rotational speed occurs and the flame is extinguished. The exhaust pipe emits black smoke. The main causes of failure are: insufficient or excessively lubricating oil, which causes poor lubrication of the relative moving parts such as the crankshaft and the bearing bush, resulting in the burning of the bearing bushes. After the overhaul, the clearance between the piston and the cylinder is too small. When the engine temperature increases, The piston is stuck in the cylinder.
The diesel engine suddenly blew off and accompanied by abnormal noise. The cause of failure can be judged as: crankshaft or piston pin broken; connecting rod screw broken or connecting rod nut off; valve spring broken, valve falling, etc.
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