How is black fruit planted? What is the difference between black berry and black cockroach? In fact, it is just one thing. Blackberry is characterized by drought tolerance and resistance to thinness, which is very suitable for the treatment of sandy areas. The following summarizes the blackberry seedlings and management techniques in the sandy environment of Shenmu City to guide forestry production practices.
1 Sandy nursery seedling technology
1.1 Improvement of sandy loam soil
Choose sandy loam with flat terrain, convenient irrigation and thick soil. For land parcels that do not meet the conditions, land leveling and soil improvement are required, and soil improvement is mainly used for deep turning, application of organic fertilizer, use of humic acid fertilizer or soil amendment;
For the thinner sections of the soil layer, the soil should be used. The soil improvement should be based on farmyard manure and oil residue. The farmyard manure includes compost, manure, manure, biogas fertilizer, green manure, crop straw fertilizer, mud fertilizer, cake fertilizer, etc. It must be decomposed, not rotted, and the use of 667m2 farmyard manure is not less than 500kg.
1.2 shoots cutting seedlings
Before the flow of sap in the early spring, select the 1 year old black sorghum cultivar with long branches and full buds, cut into 15~20cm cuttings, and the lower end of the cuttings is cut into sloping stalks. The cuttings were inserted obliquely into the seedbed at a line spacing of 30 cm x 15 cm to keep the soil moist. Its survival rate can reach more than 80%, and it will be better to use rooting powder.
Or, on the excellent mother plant, select the lectified branches with a thickness of 0.3 cm or more, cut into small sticks of about 20 cm, tie them into small bundles, and place the lower part in the pot. Pour the ABT rooting powder solution into the pot (concentration is 5~10mg/kg) soak for 30min. Before cutting, first ditch on the seedbed at a line spacing of 40cm, the depth of the ditch is 15cm, then the cuttings are placed obliquely in the ditch according to the plant spacing of 6~10cm, and the soil is compacted. Two sections are placed on the cuttings to expose the ground. When the new plant grows to 3~5cm, only one strong bud is left. In addition, the root system of black fruit carp is developed, and the root stalk is strong. By cutting off the main root, many new seedlings can be germinated around the main root, increasing coverage.
1.3 Field Management
1.3.1 irrigation
According to the soil conditions, timely irrigation, the soil surface after a little dry, weeding and weeding, a total of 4 to 6 times a year.
1.3.2 seedlings
The seedlings are divided into 2 times: one is when the seedling height is 5~6cm in June, and the seedlings are 5~6cm away; the second is to fix the seedlings in the middle of July, leaving the seedlings 10~15cm away, the principle is to stay better and worse, go Weak and strong.
1.3.3 top dressing
Combined with irrigation, the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer was applied once in mid-June. From mid-April to early May, 667m 2 chased urea 20kg, and in early June to late June, chased diammonium phosphate 20~40kg. If there are more flowers in autumn, 667m 2 will be followed by 20kg of compound fertilizer. Root dressing can also be carried out by spraying.
1.3.4 Wisdom
After the seedlings are about 30cm high, the side branches from the base should be wiped off in time, and the lateral branches at a height of 40~60cm from the surface should be properly sown, and the seedlings should be topped 60cm above to accelerate the thick growth of the trunk and main branches.
1.3.5 Water Management
You are both happy with water and afraid of water. The water was irrigated once in the first 20~25d, and once in the fruiting period from 15~20d. After the end of the summer fruit picking, the water is immediately poured and ready for autumn tillage. In the first ten days of September, “white dew†water was poured to promote the growth of autumn shoots. After the winter base fertilizer in the middle and the middle of November, the winter water is filled, and the head water and winter water require a large amount of water, and others can be reduced.
2 Afforestation technical points
2.1 Afforestation seedling selection
The 2 year old seedlings are selected, the seedling height is 30cm, the ground stem is 0.3cm, the root system is developed and full, and there are no pests and diseases. The qualified seedlings are the key to successful afforestation.
2.2 Seedling and transportation
In the spring, the seedlings stop growing in a dormant period, and the seedlings should be seeded in time. The depth of the seedlings should reach 30cm. During the process, pay attention to slowing down and slowing down, carefully operate, avoid mechanical damage, protect the stems and roots of the seedlings, and finally follow the specifications. Graded to be shipped. The seedlings should be tied tightly, and the roots should be rooted outwards. The seedlings should be protected from colds. During the transportation process, the moisturizing of the seedlings should be paid attention to. It is best to cover the tarpaulin and prevent the air from drying. The transportation time should be timely and sprinkled for more than 24 hours. In the evening. When the seedlings are transported and planted, they will be planted in time, and after irrigation, they will be flooded and air-dried.
2.3 Afforestation in the sandy beach area
The hole is grounded, and the hole spacing is 2m. The weeds, Artemisia sphaeroides, and Salix psammophila are cut off between the holes, and the sand is used as a barrier material to fix the quicksand. The size of the hole is 40cm×40cm×50cm. When planting, the surface sand should be shoveled and pitted. With the pits planted, stepping on the ground, timely irrigation, the survival rate of more than 80%. The moving sand is erected with a 3.0m×2.0m grid barrier, and the semi-flowing sand is tiling with a tiled barrier, with a line spacing of 2m.
2.4 Planting afforestation and management
Planted in spring in early April, planted in autumn in October, cut the rod to 40cm (above the ground diameter), plant the seedlings directly into the planting pit when planting the tree, the seedlings are righted, the roots are all placed in the pit, then fill the soil, fill the soil half When the seedlings are raised in time, the roots and the soil are fully contacted, filled with water, and finally filled with soil. After afforestation, the young fruiting of the black fruit carp should be carried out, and the Tianbao forest tending project should be carried out to pruning the trees, clearing the litter, and finishing the tree pits. In general, the conditions of the blackberry forest land are poor. If conditions permit, urea can be applied in the rainy season, and the survival rate is higher.
The above is the main point of seedling and afforestation technology of black berry. The effect of black berry is not bad. It has become more and more popular in recent years. Xiaobian bought a few cans to drink water in the past few days.
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