Release date: 2016-04-22
The male wolf that survived on the island of Loyal is 8 years old this year and is following a female wolf who is 6 years old.
Like a royal dynasty, the wolves on the island of Loyal, Michigan, entered the “dead end†of genetic inheritance. The two wolves on the island of Lake Superior (a male, a female) are more likely to be inbreeding than any known wild wolf and some infamous human families. Rolf Peterson, a wildlife ecologist at Michigan Technological University, said that their relationship is so close that "we can't describe it in words."
These two wolves are the only survivors of a landmark population. Since 1958, researchers have tracked the fate of two wolves and their prey elk on the island (part of the National Parks and Wilderness Reserves) in the world's longest-running predator-prey study. This research has become an important part of the ecological textbook. Recently, the National Park Service of the United States issued the annual report on the predator-prey research on the Royal Island, which is the 58th year.
The report documents the genetic identity of two adult wolves that were discovered in the last winter: they are both a relationship between father and daughter, and a half sibling (born by the same mother, with a difference of two years). This close relationship has stunned the researchers. “I think it makes everyone shocked,†said Phil Hedrick from Arizona State University. Hedrick has been analyzing the genetic makeup of the Loyal Island wolves.
A few years ago, 8 to 9 wolves swayed on this island, but the number was reduced to three last year. The remaining two are most closely related to this group. The inbreeding coefficient of their potential offspring is 0.438 (the inbreeding coefficient of unrelated parents is 0, and after many generations of siblings, the coefficient tends to 1). In contrast, a 2009 analysis showed that some of the descendants of the European Habsburg family had an inbreeding coefficient of 0.25. Some captive and experimental animal populations are close to this level of inbreeding, but such populations are prone to abnormal conditions and even extinction. Therefore, managers will try to avoid this situation. The wolves themselves will naturally avoid mating with such close "relatives", but the two wolves on the island of Loyal have no other choice. "They are essentially in jail," Peterson said.
Still unresolved is the identity of the third wolf from last year's population statistics. This is a small animal that looks abnormal and was inferred to be the cub of the above two wolves. The analyzed DNA was from the feces collected last year, but no DNA representing the third wolf was found. There are no traces of this little wolf this year.
Source: Chinese Journal of Science
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